Design and properties of a novel nucleating agent for isotactic polypropylene

Lv, Zhen; Yang, Yuguo; Wu, Runbing; Tong, Yuchao

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2011.12.011

Cited by 23 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Among all of the compounds, compound 2 exhibited the highest stability, boasting a remarkable T d of 351.3 °C, while 1d followed closely with a T d of 346.7 °C. Importantly, all of the toluene-trisamides exhibited higher T d values than the commercial NA NX8000, underscoring their considerable thermal stability and suitability as additives for PP …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Importantly, all of the toluene-trisamides exhibited higher T d values than the commercial NA NX8000, underscoring their considerable thermal stability and suitability as additives for PP. 22 The samples are simply designated as "matrix-additive-content (wt %)"; for example, the sample of "iPP serving as the matrix with 1 wt % "1a" added" is named as "iPP-1a-1". Additionally, "x" represents "XT386", and "n" represents "NX8000".…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Methyl Addition and Side-Chain Engineering on XT386 Lead to the Discovery of a 2,4,6-Triaminotoluene-Derived Nucleating Agent for Polypropylene

Liu,

Lin,

Qian

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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N,N′,N″-tripivaloyl-1,3,5-triaminobenzene (XT386) has been proven to be a highly efficient nucleating agent (NA) for polypropylene (PP), though it remains relatively expensive, which hinders its broader adoption. Herein, a methyl addition to benzene and a side-chain engineering strategy on XT386 led to the discovery of N,N′,N″-triacetyl-1,3,5-triaminotoluene (1a) as a very efficient NA for PP. It could raise the crystallization temperature (T c) of iPP by 10.0 °C at a content not exceeding 1 wt %, reduce haze by 12.3, and increase tensile strength by 4.9 MPa. Refinement of PXRD data revealed that 1a has a c-axis size (∼6.5 Å) similar to PP, which has the ability to form epitaxial matching. Considering that 1a could be made from retired 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) by a simple and green procedure of hydrogenation followed by N,N′,N″-triacylation, it will be a very promising NA for PP with good cost performance in the near future.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methyl Addition and Side-Chain Engineering on XT386 Lead to the Discovery of a 2,4,6-Triaminotoluene-Derived Nucleating Agent for Polypropylene

Liu,

Lin,

Qian

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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“…Generally, nucleation is the slow and limiting step and thus requires a higher degree of supercooling . Of the considerable efforts made to accelerate the nucleation of iPP and promote the crystallization of iPP in previous studies, dispersing nucleating agents (NAs) into the polymer matrix during melt processing is one of the most efficient and precedented . NA reduces the free energy barrier of nucleation by providing a suitable surface for the polymer to adhere to and grow into desired morphologies, such as that of spherulites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unique crystallization behavior of isotactic polypropylene in the presence of l‐isoleucine and its inhibition and promotion mechanism of nucleation

Peng

Xin

Zhao

et al. 2017

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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l‐Isoleucine (l‐Ile) was identified as an efficient anti‐nucleating agent for isotactic polypropylene (iPP). At 0.08 wt %, l‐Ile could significantly decrease the peak crystallization temperature (Tcp) of iPP by up to 8 °C at a cooling rate of 20 °C/min. Furthermore, l‐Ile exhibited both anti‐nucleation and pro‐nucleation abilities; i.e., a low content of l‐Ile inhibited iPP crystallization, whereas a high content promoted iPP crystallization. The unique crystallization behavior of iPP in the presence of l‐Ile was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, polarized optical microscopy (POM), and rheological measurement. According to POM, a low content of l‐Ile completely dissolved in the iPP melt, whereas a high content of l‐Ile did not. Therefore, a mechanism by which l‐Ile inhibits and promotes the nucleation of iPP was proposed. Dissolving l‐Ile molecules in the iPP melt hindered the homogeneous nucleation of iPP as a “dilution effect”; however, as the content increases, l‐Ile could not be completely dissolved in molten iPP, and the residual crystals of l‐Ile thus provided heterogeneous nucleation sites for iPP and further promoted its crystallization. Experimental evidence from rheology and POM supported this mechanism. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45956.

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“…However, these two types of nucleating agents have certain drawbacks. Sorbitol derivatives have relatively poor chemical and thermal resistance [23] and they will release an unfavorable odor during processing of iPP, which limits the application of these nucleating agents in food packaging. The poor thermal resistance will also limit their applications in high temperature processed polypropylene articles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties and Crystallization Behaviors of Isotactic Polypropylene Under Action of an Effective Nucleating Agent

Zhang

Guo

Chen

et al. 2015

Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part B

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The calcium salt of hexahydrophthalic acid (Hyperform HPN-20E) is an effective nucleating agent for polyethylene (PE) which was developed by Milliken Chemical Co., (U.S.A) in recent years. In this paper the properties and crystallization behaviors of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) in the presence of Hyperform HPN-20E were investigated by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polarized optical microscopy (POM). Addition of Hyperform HPN-20E improved the tensile, flexural and optical properties of iPP significantly and increased the crystallization rate of iPP greatly. The nucleation effects were comparable to the nucleation efficiency of a highly effective commercial iPP nucleating agent Hyperform HPN-68. When the addition amount of Hyperform HPN-20E in iPP was 0.2wt%, the tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength and flexural modulus of iPP were increased by 10.81%, 8.65%, 16.67% and ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 2 11.96%, respectively, compared to those of pure iPP; the haze value was decreased by 42.44% and the crystallization peak temperature was increased by 11.2°C. In addition, incorporation of Hyperform HPN-20E in iPP greatly reduced the spherulite size of iPP.

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Design and properties of a novel nucleating agent for isotactic polypropylene

Cited by 23 publications

References 18 publications

Methyl Addition and Side-Chain Engineering on XT386 Lead to the Discovery of a 2,4,6-Triaminotoluene-Derived Nucleating Agent for Polypropylene

Methyl Addition and Side-Chain Engineering on XT386 Lead to the Discovery of a 2,4,6-Triaminotoluene-Derived Nucleating Agent for Polypropylene

Unique crystallization behavior of isotactic polypropylene in the presence of l‐isoleucine and its inhibition and promotion mechanism of nucleation

Properties and Crystallization Behaviors of Isotactic Polypropylene Under Action of an Effective Nucleating Agent

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