Design and sample characteristics of COordinated Oral health Promotion (CO-OP) Chicago: A cluster-randomized controlled trial

Martin, Molly A.; Zimmerman, Lacey J.; Rosales, Genesis; Lee, Helen H.; Songthangtham, Nattanit; Pugach, Oksana; Sandoval, Anna; Avenetti, David; Alvarez, Gizelle; Gansky, Stuart A.

doi:10.1016/j.cct.2019.105919

Cited by 11 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Tooth brushing frequency was caregiver-reported because of the challenges of objectively measuring this behavior in young children, raising the potential for social desirability bias and data inaccuracy. However, we compared our self-reported data to data from other studies, including NHANES, and our results were similar ( 19 ). We also added a second measure of brushing — plaque score — to objectively capture the adequacy of brushing behaviors.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…Data were obtained from the baseline sample (N = 420 child/caregiver dyads) of the CO-OP Chicago study with the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research’s Oral Health Disparities Consortium ( 19 ). To qualify, families needed to have a child aged 36 months or younger with at least 2 fully erupted central maxillary incisors.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Participants were recruited by research assistants (RAs) in the 20 partnering clinics and WIC centers from January 2018 through February 2019. Families that met inclusion criteria were scheduled for an enrollment visit where the baseline data collection occurred ( 19 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data collection was conducted mainly in homes by paired RAs using standardized methods established by the research team ( 19 ). RAs first administered a verbal questionnaire using prompt cards that asked about the child’s and caregiver’s oral health behaviors and beliefs, other health conditions, access to care, psychosocial factors, and demographics.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All models controlled for partnering site using a set of indicator variables. The caregiver, child, and household demographic characteristics and children’s brushing behaviors are described elsewhere ( 19 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oral Health Behaviors in Very Young Children in Low-Income Urban Areas in Chicago, Illinois, 2018–2019

et al. 2020

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What is already known on this topic? Health disparities are well documented in the prevalence of and morbidity associated with dental caries, the most common chronic disease of childhood. What is added by this report? Most data on oral health risk and behaviors do not include infants and toddlers. We describe the oral health behaviors of children younger than 3 years and identify areas for intervention. What are the implications for public health practice? Behaviors established during early childhood set the trajectory for a lifetime. This analysis shows the importance of the family unit and social support in efforts to improve oral health outcomes for high-risk children.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oral Health Behaviors in Very Young Children in Low-Income Urban Areas in Chicago, Illinois, 2018–2019

et al. 2020

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Childhood caries and dental surgery under general anesthesia: an overview of a global disease and its impact on anesthesiology

Patel

Fantauzzi

Patel

et al. 2022

International Anesthesiology Clinics

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General overviewEarly childhood caries (ECC) is one of the most common chronic childhood diseases worldwide. 1 Defined by the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) as the presence of one or more cavitated or noncavitated lesions, missing, or filled tooth due to caries in any primary tooth in a child under 6 years of age, ECC is a major public health concern due to the associated physical, emotional, and socioeconomic burdens. Young children who have poor oral health behaviors (eg, inadequate tooth brushing, diet high in added sugar) are at risk for developing severe early childhood caries (S-ECC), which is an indication for dental surgery. 2-9 S-ECC is defined as: (1) Any smooth-surface caries in children younger than 3 years old; (2) One or more cavitated, missing, or filled smooth surfaces in anterior teeth in children 3 to 5 years old; or (3) decayed, missing, or filled score of greater than or equal to 4 in children 3 years old, greater than or equal to 5 in children 4 years old, or greater than or equal to 6 in children 5 years old. 10 Dental surgery under general anesthesia (DGA) is often clinically indicated due to a combination of the child's development stage related to age, disease severity, and intensity and extent of treatment procedures. The impact of S-ECC on a child's health ripples out across systemic and psychosocial well-being, negatively affecting one's quality of life. 11-14 S-ECC is associated with several systemic health comorbidities including pain, gastrointestinal disorders, difficulty chewing, malnutrition, long-term dental disease, and obesity. [12][13][14] In addition, children with S-ECC experience higher degrees of anxiety/depression, sleep problems, aggressive behavior, and attention deficit/hyperactivity issues compared with children who have no caries. 15 In addition to impacting individual health, S-ECC on a population level is associated with utilization of tertiary health services that are often scarce, expensive, and not structured to address the etiology of the disease. Children with severe disease present to the emergency department for acute treatment for a toothache or require DGA. 16 The upstream factors that influence population oral health, that is social

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Community health worker intervention to improve tooth brushing in young children: Results from a cluster randomized controlled trial

Martin

Avenetti

Lee

et al. 2022

Comm Dent Oral Epid

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Objectives: Coordinated Oral health Promotion (CO-OP) Chicago is a cluster randomized controlled trial testing the efficacy of a community health worker (CHW) intervention to improve tooth brushing in low-income children. Methods:Four hundred twenty children under 3 years old (mean 21.5 months) were recruited from 20 sites in or near Chicago, IL. Children were identified mainly as Black race (41.9%) or Hispanic ethnicity (53.8%) and most (85.2%) had Medicaid. Intervention families were offered four CHW home visits over 1 year. Brushing frequency was selfreported. Plaque score was determined from images collected in homes using disclosing solution. Analyses used GEE logistic models with variable selection at p < .05.Results: At enrolment, 45.0% of families reported twice a day or more child brushing frequency, and child plaque scores were poor (mean of 1.9, SD: 0.6). Data were obtained from 87.1% of children at 6 months and 86.2% at 12 months. In the CHW intervention arm (10 sites, N = 211), 23.7% received 4 visits, 12.8% 3 visits, 21.3% 2 visits, 23.2% 1 visit and 19% no visits from CHWs. No intervention effect was seen for brushing frequency or plaque score. Child brushing frequency improvement over time was associated with a range of child and caregiver factors. The only factor associated with a change in plaque score over time was parent involvement in brushing.Conclusions: Oral-health-specific CHW services were not associated with improved brushing behaviours in these young children. However, caregiver involvement with brushing supported more quality brushing. More robust interventions are needed to support families during this critical developmental period.

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Design and sample characteristics of COordinated Oral health Promotion (CO-OP) Chicago: A cluster-randomized controlled trial

Cited by 11 publications

References 60 publications

Oral Health Behaviors in Very Young Children in Low-Income Urban Areas in Chicago, Illinois, 2018–2019

Oral Health Behaviors in Very Young Children in Low-Income Urban Areas in Chicago, Illinois, 2018–2019

Childhood caries and dental surgery under general anesthesia: an overview of a global disease and its impact on anesthesiology

Community health worker intervention to improve tooth brushing in young children: Results from a cluster randomized controlled trial

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