Design and synthesis of piezochromic materials exploring intermolecular charge transfer: chalconoids bound to thep-sulfonatocalix[6]arene macrocycle

Abstract

Solid-state systems composed of chalconoid encapsulated within p-sulfonatocalix[6]arene (SCX6) scaffolds that exhibit mechanochromism and thermochromism have been developed.

Thermochromism of rapid responses to temperature changes versus mechanochromism in a Ni-dithiolene complex salt

“…Piezochromism/mechanochromism is another phenomenon that involves changes in the electron structure of matter due to hydrostatic pressure or strain. In molecular or hybrid thermochromic materials, it is expected that both thermochromism and piezochromism/mechanochromism will be exhibited simultaneously, [16][17][18] as they have two or more stable states that are related to different molecular, aggregated, or crystal structures. On the other hand, the molecular or hybrid crystals have lower formation energy of the lattice, and not too high hydrostatic pressure or strain may result in the transformation from one stable state to another metastable one, giving rise to piezochromism/mechanochromism.…”