“…37 The positive shi of binding energy of O 1s for 12.0Bi 2 S 3 /ZC heterojunction compared to ZC indicates a change of the electron density, establishing an effective charge transfer between ZC and Bi 2 S 3 . This could be explained due to the interaction effect of the strong chemical bond between ZC and Bi 2 S 3 changing the outer electron cloud densities of Co. 22,25,36 Finally, from the XPS results, we can conclude the 12.0Bi 2 S 3 /ZC photocatalyst contains the elements Bi, S, O, Co, and Zn, indicating that Bi 2 S 3 was synthesized successfully and loaded on the surface of spinel phase ZnCo 2 O 4 nanoparticles.…”