Axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) motors are suitable options for solar powered vehicles due to their compact structure and high torque density. Furthermore, certain types of APFM machines may be configured without stator cores, which eliminates associated losses and cogging torque and simplifies the manufacturing and assembly. This paper examines two machine designs for use in the solar powered vehicle of the challenger class-a single rotor, single stator conventional AFPM machine, and a coreless AFPM machine with multiple stator and rotor disks. Response surface methodology (RSM) is utilized for the systematic comparison of the conventional and coreless topologies and to select the optimum designs among several hundreds of candidates. Designs with minimum losses and mass producing required torque with larger air-gap are favored. The performance of the selected designs have been studied via 3D finite element analysis (FEA). The FEA parametric modeling methodology is validated by measurements on three AFPM machines of the conventional and coreless type. Index Terms-Axial flux permanent magnet machines, coreless, multi-disk, solar powered electric vehicles, finite element analysis, winding factor, response surface methodology, design of experiments.