Design Considerations of a Centralized Load Controller Using Thermostatically Controlled Appliances for Continuous Regulation Reserves

Liu, Ning; Zhang, Yu

doi:10.1109/tsg.2012.2222944

Cited by 243 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In this paper, the DLC measure has been introduced to control electricity usage of ACL consumers. The detailed control method has been described in [16]. This section primarily provides the cost calculation of using ACLs to cut down peak load on the basis of the above-mentioned method.…”

Section: Cost Calculation For the Dr Of The Aclmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The DLC [14] projects utilize advanced control technology and remote controllers to switch the on/off state of specific appliances during peak-load periods. The direct control objects are usually the thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) from residential and small commercial customers, such as heating, ventilation, air-conditioning [15,16] and water heaters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our research, by contrast, is based on an equivalent thermal parameter model of the home heating system, which physically describes the relationship between temperature and ACL power output. In [16], DCL was implemented to control centralized TCLs for providing continuous regulation reserves. The authors elaborately described the control logic of the state-queueing model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors elaborately described the control logic of the state-queueing model. Our paper follows the control approach in [16] and introduces ACLs as a load shedding measure into power system scheduling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stochastic Unit Commitment of Wind-Integrated Power System Considering Air-Conditioning Loads for Demand Response

Han

Zhou

et al. 2017

Applied Sciences

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Abstract:As a result of extensive penetration of wind farms into electricity grids, power systems face enormous challenges in daily operation because of the intermittent characteristics of wind energy. In particular, the load peak-valley gap has been dramatically widened in wind energy-integrated power systems. How to quickly and efficiently meet the peak-load demand has become an issue to practitioners. Previous literature has illustrated that the demand response (DR) is an important mechanism to direct customer usage behaviors and reduce the peak load at critical times. This paper introduces air-conditioning loads (ACLs) as a load shedding measure in the DR project. On the basis of the equivalent thermal parameter model for ACLs and the state-queue control method, a compensation cost calculation method for the ACL to shift peak load is proposed. As a result of the fluctuation and uncertainty of wind energy, a two-stage stochastic unit commitment (UC) model is developed to analyze the ACL users' response in the wind-integrated power system. A simulation study on residential and commercial ACLs has been performed on a 10-generator test system. The results illustrate the feasibility of the proposed stochastic programming strategy and that the system peak load can be effectively reduced through the participation of ACL users in DR projects.

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Section: Cost Calculation For the Dr Of The Aclmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stochastic Unit Commitment of Wind-Integrated Power System Considering Air-Conditioning Loads for Demand Response

Han

Zhou

et al. 2017

Applied Sciences

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“…Therefore, after determining the day-ahead contracts, the TCL aggregators need to optimize the real-time control actions on TCLs by taking into account the contracts and real-time information (e.g., regulation prices, weather information, etc.). Although there have been several works studying the TCL control schemes of in the regulation market, e.g., [12,13], they all consider TCL aggregators as ancillary service providers to follow certain frequency regulation signals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rolling horizon optimization for real-time operation of thermostatically controlled load aggregator

Luo

Ranzi

Dong

2017

J. Mod. Power Syst. Clean Energy

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Thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) have great potentials to participate in the demand response programs due to their flexibility in storing thermal energy. The two-way communication infrastructure of smart grids provides opportunities for the smart buildings/houses equipped with TCLs to be aggregated in their participation in the electricity markets. This paper focuses on the realtime scheduling of TCL aggregators in the power market using the structure of the Nordic electricity markets a case study. An International Organization of Standardization (ISO) thermal comfort model is employed to well control the occupants' thermal comfort, while a rolling horizon optimization (RHO) strategy is proposed for the TCL aggregator to maximize its profit in the regulation market and to mitigate the impacts of system uncertainties. The simulations are performed by means of a metaheuristic optimization algorithm, i.e., natural aggregation algorithm (NAA). A series of simulations are conducted to validate the effectiveness of proposed method.

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Virtual Energy Storage Systems Smart Coordination

2022

Smart Energy for Transportation and Health in a Smart City

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Design Considerations of a Centralized Load Controller Using Thermostatically Controlled Appliances for Continuous Regulation Reserves

Cited by 243 publications

References 19 publications

Stochastic Unit Commitment of Wind-Integrated Power System Considering Air-Conditioning Loads for Demand Response

Stochastic Unit Commitment of Wind-Integrated Power System Considering Air-Conditioning Loads for Demand Response

Rolling horizon optimization for real-time operation of thermostatically controlled load aggregator

Virtual Energy Storage Systems Smart Coordination

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