Design, development and utilisation of a tomography station for γ-ray emission and transmission analyses of light water reactor spent fuel rods

Caruso, S.; Jatuff, F.

doi:10.1016/j.pnucene.2013.09.007

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Ref [28]. Such methods have been used previously in SPECT measurements on individual fuel rods [20,28], but their usefulness for complete fuel assemblies has not yet been demonstrated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accordingly, such a procedure has so far only been applied at research institutions, e.g. in the measurement of a 21-rod bundle that was subjected to fuel melting and analyzed [29], and in measurements on individual fuel rods [20]. In spite of the small content of fuel material in the latter case, a 60 Co source as strong as 2.4 GBq still had to be used.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Water surrounds the fuel rods inside the fuel channel, and water also fills the gap between the channel and the circular wall of the measurement device considered in this work. distribution and subsequently processing the image with a statistical algorithm during which the attenuation matrix is implemented [20].…”

Section: Taking Attenuation Into Account In Analytic Reconstructionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No pixels are assigned to regions that do not contain any fuel. The selection of one central and four peripheral pixels per rod was made considering that there may be a radial distribution of fission products in the rods in actual fuel [20], and it also makes the reconstruction less sensitive to possible dislocations of individual fuel rods as compared to defining only one pixel per rod. In the demonstration presented in Section 4.3.2, the contribution coefficients have been calculated using Eq.…”

Section: Algorithm Modelling Detailed Measurement Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Applicability of a set of tomographic reconstruction algorithms for quantitative SPECT on irradiated nuclear fuel assemblies

Svärd

Holcombe

Grape

2015

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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a b s t r a c tA fuel assembly operated in a nuclear power plant typically contains 100-300 fuel rods, depending on fuel type, which become strongly radioactive during irradiation in the reactor core. For operational and security reasons, it is of interest to experimentally deduce rod-wise information from the fuel, preferably by means of non-destructive measurements. The tomographic SPECT technique offers such possibilities through its two-step application; (1) recording the gamma-ray flux distribution around the fuel assembly, and (2) reconstructing the assembly's internal source distribution, based on the recorded radiation field. In this paper, algorithms for performing the latter step and extracting quantitative relative rod-by-rod data are accounted for.As compared to application of SPECT in nuclear medicine, nuclear fuel assemblies present a much more heterogeneous distribution of internal attenuation to gamma radiation than the human body, typically with rods containing pellets of heavy uranium dioxide surrounded by cladding of a zirconium alloy placed in water or air. This inhomogeneity severely complicates the tomographic quantification of the rod-wise relative source content, and the deduction of conclusive data requires detailed modelling of the attenuation to be introduced in the reconstructions. However, as shown in this paper, simplified models may still produce valuable information about the fuel.Here, a set of reconstruction algorithms for SPECT on nuclear fuel assemblies are described and discussed in terms of their quantitative performance for two applications; verification of fuel assemblies' completeness in nuclear safeguards, and rod-wise fuel characterization. It is argued that a request not to base the former assessment on any a priori information brings constraints to which reconstruction methods that may be used in that case, whereas the use of a priori information on geometry and material content enables highly accurate quantitative assessment, which may be particularly useful in the latter application.Two main classes of algorithms are covered; (1) analytic filtered back-projection algorithms, and (2) a group of model-based or algebraic algorithms. For the former class, a basic algorithm has been implemented, which does not take attenuation in the materials of the fuel assemblies into account and which assumes an idealized imaging geometry. In addition, a novel methodology has been presented for introducing a first-order correction to the obtained images for these deficits; in particular, the effects of attenuation are taken into account by modelling the response for an object with a homogeneous mix of fuel materials in the image area. Neither the basic algorithm, nor the correction method requires prior knowledge of the fuel geometry, but they result in images of the assembly's internal activity distribution. Image analysis is then applied to deduce quantitative information.Two algebraic algorithms are also presented, which model attenuation in the fuel assemblies to different degrees...

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“…Ref [28]. Such methods have been used previously in SPECT measurements on individual fuel rods [20,28], but their usefulness for complete fuel assemblies has not yet been demonstrated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Taking Attenuation Into Account In Analytic Reconstructionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Algorithm Modelling Detailed Measurement Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Applicability of a set of tomographic reconstruction algorithms for quantitative SPECT on irradiated nuclear fuel assemblies

Svärd

Holcombe

Grape

2015

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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“…CT scan allows valuate the internal object structure, correctness of assembly, etc. Due to the development of computer facilities and X-ray detection systems recently the 3D CT [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] is developed rapidly, which differs from the 2D CT scan realization by higher performance. A change of the fuel elements design leads to the necessity of complex theoretical and experimental studies, analysis of the results which will allow make a conclusion about the possibility of CT scan usage for multi-parameter examination of the fuel elements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Selection of Computed Tomography Scanning Schemes for Lengthy Symmetric Objects

Trinh

Zhong

Osipov

2017

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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Abstract. The article describes the basic computed tomography scan schemes for lengthy symmetric objects: continuous (discrete) rotation with a discrete linear movement; continuous (discrete) rotation with discrete linear movement to acquire 2D projection; continuous (discrete) linear movement with discrete rotation to acquire one-dimensional projection and continuous (discrete) rotation to acquire of 2D projection. The general method to calculate the scanning time is discussed in detail. It should be extracted the comparison principle to select a scanning scheme. This is because data are the same for all scanning schemes: the maximum energy of the X-ray radiation; the power of X-ray radiation source; the angle of the X-ray cone beam; the transverse dimension of a single detector; specified resolution and the maximum time, which is need to form one point of the original image and complies the number of registered photons). It demonstrates the possibilities of the above proposed method to compare the scanning schemes. Scanning object was a cylindrical object with the mass thickness is 4 g/cm 2 , the effective atomic number is 15 and length is 1300 mm. It analyzes data of scanning time and concludes about the efficiency of scanning schemes. It examines the productivity of all schemes and selects the effective one.

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Comparing and Combining Analytical Techniques

Degueldre

2017

The Analysis of Nuclear Materials and Their Environments

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Design, development and utilisation of a tomography station for γ-ray emission and transmission analyses of light water reactor spent fuel rods

Cited by 16 publications

References 11 publications

Applicability of a set of tomographic reconstruction algorithms for quantitative SPECT on irradiated nuclear fuel assemblies

Applicability of a set of tomographic reconstruction algorithms for quantitative SPECT on irradiated nuclear fuel assemblies

The Selection of Computed Tomography Scanning Schemes for Lengthy Symmetric Objects

Comparing and Combining Analytical Techniques

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