Design, dynamic simulation and construction of a hybrid HTS SMES (high-temperature superconducting magnetic energy storage systems) for Chinese power grid

Abstract

High-temperature superconducting magnetic energy storage systems (HTS SMES) are an emerging technology with fast response and large power capacities which can address the challenges of growing power systems and ensure a reliable power supply. China Electric Power Research Institute (CEPRI) has developed a kJ-range, 20kW SMES using two state of art HTS conductors, BSCCO and YBCO tapes. This SMES system is used to compensate a power drop and a fluctuation in order to damp low frequency oscillations to increase stability of a power system. This paper presents an optimized design of the SMES system to achieve a maximum energy capacity. A voltage source converter using IGBTs is built and can be used to control the power flow between the SMES system and external circuits. A control system using a digital signal processor (DSP) and micro-programmed control unit (MCU) is constructed. SVPWM pulse modulation is used as a control strategy. The whole system was experimentally tested for compensation of power fluctuation within milliseconds in a dynamic power system simulation laboratory. The result validates the design and control circuit, and more importantly, the application capability of SMES systems in a power grid.

Analysis of battery lifetime extension in a SMES-battery hybrid energy storage system using a novel battery lifetime model

“…In this study, a realistic domestic household load profile [20] is used in the off-grid system. The SMES is connected to the DC bus via a DC/DC chopper and it is modeled following the introduction of [12]. SimPower-Systems toolbox in Simulink gives a battery block to implement a generic dynamic model parameterized to represent rechargeable batteries.…”

“…In terms of storage duration, energy storage systems can typically be categorized into short-term storage systems including flywheels [10], super-capacitors [11] and SMES [12] and long-term systems such as secondary (rechargeable) batteries. Typically, longterm storage has a higher energy density but lower power density and cycle life, while short-term energy storage systems are characterized by high power capacity [13].…”

A process integration approach for design of hybrid power systems with energy storage

“…The particle swarm optimisation algorithm was used to obtain the ultimate optimal SMES scheme that yielded a reduced processing cost for the system. Design of a hybrid high-temperature SMES was performed by Zhu et al (2013). The proposed dynamic simulation experiment provides an optimised SMES design, and validates the application capability of SMES systems in a power grid.…”

A new design of dual-mode Type-II fuzzy logic load frequency controller for interconnected power systems with parallel AC–DC tie-lines and superconducting magnetic energy storage unit

“…SMES device is a DC (direct current) current device that stores energy in the magnetic field. The DC current flowing through a superconducting wire in a large magnet creates a magnetic field [31]. As energy is stored as circulating current, it can be drawn from an SMES unit with almost instantaneous response with energy stored or delivered over periods ranging from a fraction of a second to several hours [32,33].…”