Design equations for prediction of pressuremeter soil deformation moduli utilizing expression programming systems

Reliable method for the determination of surfactant retention in porous media during chemical flooding oil recovery

“…As a result, the main components of GEP mathematical algorithms are control parameters, function set, fitness function, terminal set, and termination condition [35]. Those parse trees are known as expression trees (ETs) for the GEP algorithm [36]. Therefore, the GEP nature permits the evolution of more complex programs composed of several substructures or subprograms called GEP genes.…”

“…Therefore, the GEP nature permits the evolution of more complex programs composed of several substructures or subprograms called GEP genes. Consequently, each GEP gene encompasses a list of symbols with a fixed length that can be any element from the terminal set such as {x, y, z, À2} and a function set such as {Â, /, +, À, sin} [36]. For instance, a two-gene chromosome can be made of four functions, Q, ⁄, /, and +, (Q expresses the square root function) and three terminals, a, b and c, together with its decoded ET and the corresponding mathematical expression.…”

“…To reach a termination condition, the GEP mathematical strategy employs some computational steps, including reproducing the fixed-length chromosome of each individual randomly for the initial population, assessing fitness of each individual and also representing chromosomes as ETs, choosing the best individuals considering their fitness to generate and repeating the above process until a solution has been found for a certain number of generations [28,36]. The procedure described above has been followed in this study for developing the model for prediction of surfactant retention in porous media.…”

Using measured daily meteorological parameters to predict daily solar radiation

“…1) [55]. The solutions derived by conventional GP are shown as tree structures [63]. However, there are other branches of GP that produce models in different shapes (see Fig.…”

New Methods to Calculate Water Saturation in Shale and Tight Gas Reservoirs

“…Those parse trees are known as expression trees (ETs) for the GEP algorithm [20]. Hence, the nature of gene expression programming authorities the evolution of more complex programs composed of various substructures or subprograms so-called GEP genes.…”