“…The concept of origami folding has been drawing intense interest and has inspired novel applications in many different fields, such as biomedical devices, (Hanks et al, 2016, 2017; Mousavi-Khattat et al, 2015), deformable solar cells (Tang et al, 2014; Zirbel et al, 2013), robotics (Cheng et al, 2017; Mu et al, 2015; Onal et al, 2015), stackable paper batteries (Lee and Choi, 2015), and adaptive manufacturing (Yuan et al, 2017). A number of research studies have focused on applications of self-folding structures (Bani-Hani and Karami, 2015; Del Grosso and Basso, 2010; Neville et al, 2017; Silverberg et al, 2015; Wilcox et al, 2015; Yan et al, 2016), where multiple mechanisms are applied to actuate active folding structures, among which are light-responsive polymers (Liu et al, 2012; Ryu et al, 2012), electroactive polymers (EAPs) (Ahmed and Ounaies, 2016a; Ahmed et al, 2015), magnetoactive elastomers (MAEs) (Bowen et al, 2015, 2016, 2017; Crivaro et al, 2016), and shape memory materials (Firouzeh et al, 2017; Hernandez et al, 2017; Zhakypov et al, 2016).…”