Microchannel has been widely used in the cooling, heat exchange, and thermal control modules of automation devices due to its many merits such as high efficiency of heat exchange, energy-saving, and can make full use of the sensible and latent heat. However, the integrity of the overall-optimized heat dissipation enhancement design of automation systems based on microchannel units is very limited, and few existing studies have concerned about the simulation of the heat flow and transfer features of microchannel heat sinks. For this reason, this paper aims to study a design scheme of the heat dissipation enhancement of automation systems from an overall optimization scale based on the microchannel heat exchange units and evaluate its heat dissipation performance. At first, this paper built a Microchannel Heat Sink (MHS) model and gave the steps of the proposed design scheme. Then, the temperature field of heat dissipation process of the internal components of automation equipment was simulated and analyzed, and the scientificity and effectiveness of the proposed design scheme were verified via experiment. At last, the relationship between the pressure drop of microchannel units and the temperature of fluid was discussed, the heat dissipation performance was compared, and the evaluation results were given.