Design Guidelines for Reliability Communication in Autonomous Vehicles

Faltaous, Sarah; Baumann, Martin; Schneegaß, Stefan; Chuang, Lewis L.

doi:10.1145/3239060.3239072

Cited by 28 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Previous work has found improved safety measures [13] and faster take-over times [15,16,20], as well as accompanying changes in gaze behavior [15,16,20]. Furthermore, it was found that drivers showed a more appropriate trust calibration [13,15,18] and gave higher acceptance ratings for such systems [13] compared to baseline conditions. Also, system comprehension [13] and situation awareness [13] were shown to be improved due to uncertainty communication.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Several studies in the automotive context have further investigated the potential of reliability displays, especially for automated driving. Most attempts to communicate system uncertainty have focused on visual displays [13][14][15][16][17][18]. Variants of such displays include function-specific versus function-unspecific uncertainty encodings or different types of implicit and explicit visualization.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feeling Uncertain—Effects of a Vibrotactile Belt that Communicates Vehicle Sensor Uncertainty

et al. 2020

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With the rise of partially automated cars, drivers are more and more required to judge the degree of responsibility that can be delegated to vehicle assistant systems. This can be supported by utilizing interfaces that intuitively convey real-time reliabilities of system functions such as environment sensing. We designed a vibrotactile interface that communicates spatiotemporal information about surrounding vehicles and encodes a representation of spatial uncertainty in a novel way. We evaluated this interface in a driving simulator experiment with high and low levels of human and machine confidence respectively caused by simulated degraded vehicle sensor precision and limited human visibility range. Thereby we were interested in whether drivers (i) could perceive and understand the vibrotactile encoding of spatial uncertainty, (ii) would subjectively benefit from the encoded information, (iii) would be disturbed in cases of information redundancy, and (iv) would gain objective safety benefits from the encoded information. To measure subjective understanding and benefit, a custom questionnaire, Van der Laan acceptance ratings and NASA TLX scores were used. To measure the objective benefit, we computed the minimum time-to-contact as a measure of safety and gaze distributions as an indicator for attention guidance. Results indicate that participants were able to understand the encoded uncertainty and spatiotemporal information and purposefully utilized it when needed. The tactile interface provided meaningful support despite sensory restrictions. By encoding spatial uncertainties, it successfully extended the operating range of the assistance system.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeling Uncertain—Effects of a Vibrotactile Belt that Communicates Vehicle Sensor Uncertainty

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Faltaous et al [16] investigated how to communicate to the driver of a SAE level 2-3 vehicle when the system failed or an unexpected situation for the vehicle has occurred. Their results are five design guidelines, which are targeted toward driver space design for level 2-3 vehicles and, thus, are of limited suitability for fully automated public transportation scenarios.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppose your bus broke down and nobody came

Mirnig

Gärtner

Füssl

et al. 2020

Pers Ubiquit Comput

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The absence of a human driver creates novel challenges for fully automated public transport. Passengers are likely to have different expectations, needs, or even fears when traveling without a driver in potentially dangerous situations. We present the results from two field studies in which we explored incident management in a driverless shuttle bus. We explored participant’s behavior and willingness to assist in solving problems in a variety of scenarios where the bus suddenly stops for technical reasons or a hypothesized situation of harassment. In a follow-up study, we focused on auditory remote assistance and investigated problem solving through the passengers. We found that diffusion of responsibility is an existent barrier, when passengers are involved in the resolving of potentially dangerous situations. It can be overcome, when incident-relevant instructions are designed explicitly, briefly, timely, distinguishable from regular on-trip information, and address auditory and visual sensory channels alike.

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“…Multiple studies have shown the usefulness of feedback modalities such as light, audio, visualisation, text or vibration and their combinations to convey information to a driver or passenger [12,16,18,19,[24][25][26][27]34]. They can increase the understanding of a machine's decision, and its limits [4,10,20,30,37] as well as help to increase the feeling of trust and safety of a passenger [9,15]. However, none of these studies have purely focused on the UX in autonomous driving when it comes to communicating the AI's awareness and intent.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing the User Experience in Autonomous Driving through different Feedback Modalities

Schneider

Ghellal

Love

et al. 2021

26th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces

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Within the ongoing process of defining autonomous driving solutions, experience design may represent an important interface between humans and the autonomous vehicle. This paper presents an empirical study that uses different ways of unimodal communication in autonomous driving to communicate awareness and intent of autonomous vehicles. The goal is to provide recommendations for feedback solutions within holistic autonomous driving experiences. 22 test subjects took part in four autonomous, simulated virtual reality shuttle rides and were presented with different unimodal feedback in the form of light, sound, visualisation, text and vibration. The empirical study showed that, compared to a nofeedback baseline ride, light, and visualisation were able to create a positive user experience. CCS CONCEPTS• Human-centered computing → Empirical studies in HCI; User centered design; Interaction techniques; Interaction devices;

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Design Guidelines for Reliability Communication in Autonomous Vehicles

Cited by 28 publications

References 30 publications

Feeling Uncertain—Effects of a Vibrotactile Belt that Communicates Vehicle Sensor Uncertainty

Feeling Uncertain—Effects of a Vibrotactile Belt that Communicates Vehicle Sensor Uncertainty

Suppose your bus broke down and nobody came

Increasing the User Experience in Autonomous Driving through different Feedback Modalities

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