Design improvement and fatigue analysis for a bicycle handlebar stem system using uniform design method and genetic algorithm

Abstract

An integrating optimization procedure is presented to improve the von Mises stress and fatigue safety factor for a handlebar stem system in a bicycle system. The optimization procedure involves uniform design of experiment, Kriging interpolation, genetic algorithm, and nonlinear programming method. Using ANSYS/Workbench software and the ISO 4210 bicycle handlebar stem testing standard, the von Mises stress for the lateral bending test simulation and the fatigue safety factor for the fatigue test simulation is calculated. The von Mises stress and fatigue safety factor are combined into a single and integrated objective function, and Kriging interpolation is then used to create the surrogate model of the integrated objective function. When the integrating optimization procedure is used, the integrated objective function demonstrates that the von Mises stress for the optimized handlebar stem is reduced to 225 MPa and the fatigue safety factor increases to 1.796. This shows that the optimized design increases the strength of the handlebar stem. The proposed technique yields a handlebar stem with an optimized shape.

Comparative Study of Vibration Response in Steel and Braided-Carbon-Fiber Bicycle Handlebars: A Numerical-Experimental Approach with Various Sensors

“…To compare the fatigue behavior of a bicycle handlebar, Jiang, CP et al [ 6 ] employed a procedure involving a uniform design of experiments, the Kriging interpolation, the genetic algorithm and nonlinear programming methods. This procedure was applied to ABAQUS 6.22 FEM software and aligned with the ISO 4210-2:2023 [ 7 ] bicycle handlebar stem testing standard.…”