Design method for antenna arrays on cars with electrically short elements under incorporation of the radiation properties of the car body

Verifying 3G License Coverage Requirements

“…Whereas a dipole provides an omni-directional pattern with maximum radiation in the horizontal plane, this is not the case for a monopole placed on a finite ground plane such as a car roof (Kronberger et al, 1997). To minimize antenna induced errors in the measurement one may consider an alternative ground plane.…”

A switched‐beam antenna of monopoles housed in a radial guide with transition to free space

“…Examples include antennas on vehicles [1,2] and antennas for indoor wireless LANs. Switchedbeam and phased-array configurations have equally been explored for these applications.…”

Analysis of distributed conformal antennas on a moving platform

“…Positioning the antenna on the center of the car roof [3], [4] insures good radio transmission and reception in all directions and provides some protection against vandalism for unattended cars. A monopole antenna placed directly on the car roof yields non-uniform patterns due to diffraction and scattering from the roof and the supporting structure.…”

“…A monopole antenna placed directly on the car roof yields non-uniform patterns due to diffraction and scattering from the roof and the supporting structure. Monopole on a finite ground plane such as a car roof showed a large peak-to-peak variation of the gain at 900 MHz in the horizontal plane depending on the position of a monopole on a car roof [4]. For any jamming system, antennas which yield more gain irrespective of it mounting position and less distorted omnidirectional radiation pattern are necessary.…”