Design Methodology to Improve Human-Robot Coproduction in Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises

Cencen, Argun; Verlinden, Jouke; Geraedts, Jo M. P.

doi:10.1109/tmech.2018.2839357

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…U NDER appropriate risk assessment, cooperative robots that can operate immediately next to workspaces without a safety fence are being actively developed in many fields [1]. For instance, mechatronic systems have been developed for agricultural [2], [3] and industrial [4], [5] tasks. For safety purposes, cooperative robots have an actuator composed of a low-power servo motor, a reduction gearbox, and a torque sensor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bilateral Drive Gear—A Highly Backdrivable Reduction Gearbox for Robotic Actuators

Matsuki

Nagano

Fujimoto

2019

IEEE/ASME Trans. Mechatron.

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For safety purposes, cooperative robots are installed with an actuator composed of a low-power servo motor, a reduction gearbox, and a torque sensor. When cooperative robots make contact with humans or the environment, they must detect the contact force with a force sensor, a contact sensor, or a joint torque sensor. Equipping these sensors increases the cost and size of the application, but can be avoided under sufficient backdrivability of the actuator. To this end, we propose a method that maximizes the power transmission efficiency of the 3K planetary reduction gearbox and develop a prototype of the backdrivable reduction gearbox called the bilateral drive gear. For this maximization, the profile shift coefficients and the number of teeth are decided under some conditions. The forward-and backward-driving efficiencies of the prototype gearbox were 89.0% and 85.3%, respectively, and the reverse-drive starting torque was 0.020 N•m. The drive efficiency of the same gearbox with uncorrected teeth is 68.5%. The forward-driving efficiency was 20.5% higher than the nonoptimized one. We confirmed that prototype gearboxes with different gear ratios are easily backdrivable by hand.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bilateral Drive Gear—A Highly Backdrivable Reduction Gearbox for Robotic Actuators

Matsuki

Nagano

Fujimoto

2019

IEEE/ASME Trans. Mechatron.

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“…Relating the proposed HIRC design method to other relevant research studies has the work by Cencen et al similarities as their human-robot coproduction design methodology also is influenced by existing design methodologies (Cencen, Verlinden, and Geraedts 2018). And that a virtual simulation tools also is the base in their workstation design.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In later years has a few software been presented that enable visualisation of human and industrial robots in the same environment, e.g. Process Simulate Malik and Bilberg 2018) and Visual Components (Cencen, Verlinden, and Geraedts 2018). None of these has yet enabled simulation motions of robots and humans on a moving object.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another work by Tsarouchi presents an intelligent decision-making method for human-robot task allocation (Tsarouchi et al 2017). Cencen, Verlinden, and Geraedts (2018) present a HIRC design process composed of four sub-processes, analysis, modelling, simulation and evaluation. Modelling, simulation and evaluation are there performed with the assistance of the 3D CAD software Visual Components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design method of human–industrial robot collaborative workstation with industrial application

Ore

Sánchez

Wiktorsson

et al. 2020

International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing

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How to design Human-Industrial Robot Collaborative (HIRC) workstations is one of the key challenges in the realisation of safe and efficient HIRC systems in industry. The aim of this paper is to present a simple method to be used in early phases of HIRC workstation design. The design method requires a simulation tool and is based on systematic design methodologies and its reference work, Pahl and Beitz´s engineering design framework. The proposed HIRC design method consists of four phases: planning and clarifying the work task, conceptual design, embodiment design and detail design, where iteration loops back to previous phases are vital. This design method is applied in an industrial HIRC design case on assembly of a flywheel cover on a heavy vehicle engine block. In this application example, a previously developed HIRC simulation software is used to generate quantitative values on identified evaluation criteria, in this case operation time and biomechanical load. This proposed HIRC design method in combination with any type of simulation tool enables the systematic design of HIRC workstations early in the production development process.

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“…This domain provides a multitude of practical applications and hence, a high economic impact, especially for SMEs [20]. Surprisingly, very little research has been carried out to enable robot designers to improve the ergonomic and cognitive aspects for working with cobots [21].…”

Section: Industrial Human-robot Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Success factors for introducing industrial human-robot interaction in practice: an empirically driven framework

Kopp

Baumgartner

Kinkel

2020

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

114

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Human-robot interaction (HRI) promises to be a means whereby manufacturing companies will be able to address current challenges like a higher demand for customization. However, despite comparably low costs, there are only few applications in practice. To date, it remains unclear which factors facilitate or hinder the successful introduction of industrial collaborative robots (cobots). In a three-step approach, we first developed a comprehensive two-dimensional framework covering three separate phases and four essential components for human-robot working systems. Secondly, we reviewed related literature to identify relevant success factors. Thirdly, in an online survey we asked leading representatives of German manufacturing companies (n = 81) to assess the importance of these factors from a practical point of view. The results reveal that besides technology-related factors like occupational safety and appropriate cobot configuration, employee-centered factors like the fear of job loss and ensuring an appropriate level of trust in the robot are considered important. However, company representatives seem to underestimate the impact of subtle measures to increase employee acceptance which could be incorporated into internal communication strategies prior to and during the introduction of cobots. Comparative analysis based on three distinct application scenarios suggests that most success factors’ practical importance is independent of the motivation for implementing HRI. Furthermore, answers from practitioners in free-text fields reveal that success factors which intuitively come to their mind such as financial factors are not necessarily perceived most important. Finally, we argue for more application-oriented research that focuses on practically relevant factors to guide HRI research, inform cobot development, and support companies in overcoming apparent barriers.

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Design Methodology to Improve Human-Robot Coproduction in Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises

Cited by 23 publications

References 52 publications

Bilateral Drive Gear—A Highly Backdrivable Reduction Gearbox for Robotic Actuators

Bilateral Drive Gear—A Highly Backdrivable Reduction Gearbox for Robotic Actuators

Design method of human–industrial robot collaborative workstation with industrial application

Success factors for introducing industrial human-robot interaction in practice: an empirically driven framework

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