“…Two OPEN ACCESS decades later, MMW ICs were utilized for the military purpose. Furthermore, in the 1990s, mobile and wireless communications were developed prosperously; many MMICs [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] were not only reported for military applications but also for civil applications. Most analog functions of a typical MMW communication system can be performed by monolithic integrated circuits like low noise amplifier (LNA), mixer, voltage-control oscillator (VCO), phase shifter, switch, power amplifier (PA) and so on.…”