Design of a Cervical Collar Device to Facilitate and Accelerate Implementation of First Aid

Abstract

Frequently there are disasters all over the world-fires, earthquakes, or even some unexpected shocking catastrophes. Hence people injured, or even died. Lifesaving actions begin with the initiation of the chain of survival. With every minute that passes without medical action being taken, the probability of being able to save the patients life decreases by ten percent. After 10 min there is normally no chance of resuscitation being successful. First aid is emergency treatment given before regular medical aid can be obtained. And it is a concept of first hands-on measures performed in a medical emergency by laypersons. The major aim of this study is to develop an easy-feasible cervical collar, for facilitating and accelerating implementation of first aid especially in case of collective injuries. The developed device is different from the cervical collars which are used to treat the neck pain. In the present study, the heartbeat is obtained by detecting pulse with the stethoscope that is a part of the developed device and fixed on the carorid artery. The obtained heartbeat signal has been processed by the electronic control circuit and the used LED has given light according to the patient's life signal. Although there are some disadvantages of the developed system, the precautions for these cases have been taken and the system has been tried to design in order to operate sensibly.

Assessing electronic health record systems in emergency departments: Using a decision analytic Bayesian model

“…In this study, we used Bayesian inference in the decision-tree model. The EU was calculated based on knowledge and studies on the clinical situations 49,50,67–69 physicians face in previous studies. Using Bayes’ rule as a guideline, posterior probabilities were calculated, and based on these, our decision analytic model was formulated.…”

“…48 In healthcare, for instance, a measure of information can cover real-world issues such as medical risks, people skills, and organization politics. 49,50 In the case of physicians, decision-making is fairly amorphous and usually extremely complex; there is no way to work out "the best answers." Therefore, in this case, assessment of information is considered the most reliable indicator, and hence was used in this study.…”

“…It is very useful to carry out measures on planned systems that are not yet part of the users' or decision-makers' environment. 50 In this study, the assessment of the value of information was carried out by preparing a theoretical analytical model and running a clinical decision-making simulation. The use of simulations as a research method in empirical studies on EHR nevertheless remains the exception to the rule.…”