Design of a dynamic biofilm imaging cell for white-light interferometric microscopy

Larimer, Curtis; Brann, Michelle R.; Suter, Jonathan D.; Addleman, R. Shane

doi:10.1117/1.oe.56.11.111708

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The works carried out by Glassford [29], and later by Kanazawa and Gordon [30] demonstrated the resonance frequency dependence upon the viscosity and the density of the liquid solution in contact with the QCM. According to Kanazawa and Gordon, the change in the resonance frequency due to the liquid solution properties is given by (4).…”

Section: Liquid-contact Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multichannel QCM-Based System for Continuous Monitoring of Bacterial Biofilm Growth

Amer

Turó

Soler

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas.

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Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensors are becoming a good alternative to analytical methods for the measurement of bacterial growth in liquid media culture. For this purpose, two essential resonance parameters allow monitoring of biofilm formation: the series resonance frequency shift and the change of the resistance at this frequency. Nevertheless, several problems arise in determining these parameters, as their relative variation is very small. This means that an accurate procedure must be implemented for the measurement of the QCM resonance parameters, including the automatic calibration of the frequency response effects of the measurement circuits and the automatic compensation of the static electrical capacitance of the QCM.In this paper, a novel multichannel system for on-line monitoring of biofilm formation based on QCM sensors is proposed. QCM resonance parameters are determined from the electrical impedance analysis by means of an autobalanced impedance bridge. This configuration has allowed the implementation of an affordable multichannel measurement instrument. Obtained results, based on binary mixtures of water-glycerol measurements and real microorganism experiments, are in good agreement with the theoretical behaviour. These results show the great potential of this instrument to be used for monitoring microbial growth and biofilm formation. IntroductionMicrobiology requires systems capable of measuring, controlling and monitoring bacterial growth. For this purpose, classical methods are based on the observation of bacterial growth within liquid media cultures [1]. This is usually carried out using destructive and discontinuous techniques, which result in the breakage of the biofilm complex structure. This fact has strongly limited the study of the factors that affect the formation and control of bacteria film that take part in the experiments. For this reason, in recent years novel methods and electronic instrumentation have been devised in order to become good alternatives to these classical techniques [2]. The most relevant approaches are optical methods [3]-[6], electrical impedance measurement and spectroscopy [7]-[9], microfluidic devices [10],[11], and piezoelectric devices based systems. With respect to the latter, tuning forks [12],[13], surface acoustic wave devices [14],[15], and quartz crystal microbalances (QCM) [16]-[23], they all have demonstrated great potential in the study of biofilm growth.In this paper, the analysis of the mechanical resonance of a QCM, on whose surface the microorganisms adhere and the biofilm grows, is used. The usefulness of QCM is that they permit the direct in situ real-time observation of the overall process, from the initial bacteria adhesion to the biofilm formation and subsequent growth, when they are compared with other popular techniques such as direct cell counting methods or the determination of dry mass. Also QCM techniques provide an easy way to mechanize and automate the monitoring procedure. Two essential resonance parameters reflect the chang...

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Section: Liquid-contact Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multichannel QCM-Based System for Continuous Monitoring of Bacterial Biofilm Growth

Amer

Turó

Soler

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas.

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“…15 In our previous work, we described a method for observing biofilms under static conditions with WLI by introducing an air bubble over the imaging area. [16][17][18] Herein, the use of a novel microfluidic flow cell to observe the growth dynamics of biofilms is reported.…”

Section: 044113-1mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Selection of the viewing window is an important consideration for compatibility with WLI-it must be thin enough that it does not shift the image out of the focal plane of the objective lens. 17 The viewing windows were 25 mm by 50 mm No. 2 microscope cover glass that is 190 lm to 250 lm thick (Ted Pella).…”

Section: A Design and Fabrication Of Flow Cells For Wli Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As discussed in detail in our previous work, it was found that the low magnification lens could tolerate a small mismatch in the optical path length between the arms of the interferometer. 17 Periodically, the peristaltic pump was paused and an air-filled syringe was attached to the socket near the influent entrance to the flow cell. A small air bubble, roughly 300 ll, was allowed to flow into the imaging chamber.…”

Section: Wli Imaging Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monitoring bacterial biofilms with a microfluidic flow chip designed for imaging with white-light interferometry

et al. 2017

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There is a need for imaging and sensing instrumentation that can monitor transitions in a biofilm structure in order to better understand biofilm development and emergent properties such as anti-microbial resistance. Herein, we describe the design, manufacture, and use of a microfluidic flow cell to visualize the surface structure of bacterial biofilms with white-light interferometry (WLI). The novel imaging chip enabled the use of this non-disruptive imaging method for the capture of high resolution three-dimensional profile images of biofilm growth over time. The fine axial resolution (3 nm) and the wide field of view (>1 mm by 1 mm) enabled the detection of biofilm formation as early as 3 h after inoculation of the flow cell with a live bacterial culture (). WLI imaging facilitated the monitoring of the early stages of biofilm development and subtle variations in the structure of mature biofilms. Minimally-invasive imaging enabled the monitoring of biofilm structure with surface metrology metrics (e.g., surface roughness). The system was used to observe a transition in the biofilm structure that occurred in response to exposure to a common antiseptic. In the future, WLI and the biofilm imaging cell described herein may be used to test the effectiveness of biofilm-specific therapies to combat common diseases associated with biofilm formation such as cystic fibrosis and periodontitis.

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“…Four additional top-downloaded papers were review papers on laser feedback interferometry, 4 head-mounted displays for air transportation, 5 terahertz photoconductive antenna technology, 6 and conformal displays. 7 The final three in the top-ten download list included special section papers on white light interferometric microscopy 8 and anisoplanatic imaging through turbulence, 9 along with a regular paper on laser-induced damage of camera sensors. 10 All of these papers are available with open access, which is a likely factor in the high number of downloads.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Year in Review

Eismann¹

2018

Opt. Eng.

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Design of a dynamic biofilm imaging cell for white-light interferometric microscopy

Cited by 5 publications

References 23 publications

Multichannel QCM-Based System for Continuous Monitoring of Bacterial Biofilm Growth

Multichannel QCM-Based System for Continuous Monitoring of Bacterial Biofilm Growth

Monitoring bacterial biofilms with a microfluidic flow chip designed for imaging with white-light interferometry

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