Design of a high-current low-energy beam transport line for an intense D-T/D-D neutron generator

Lü, Xiaolong; Wang, Junrun; Zhang, Yu; Li, Jianyi; Li, Xia; Zhang, Jie; Ding, Yanyan; Jiang, Bing; Huang, Z.; Ma, Zhixin; Zheng, Wei; Qian, Xiangping; Xu, Dapeng; Lan, Changlin; Yao, Ze

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2015.11.156

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The solid target D–D reaction commercial neutron generator produced by Adelphi has the highest neutron yield of 5 × 10 9 n/s [ 10 ]. While, for the neutron generators using D–T reaction, the high neutron yield proposed and developed by Lanzhou University and Institute of Nuclear Energy Safety Technology [ 11 , 12 ] can reach to ~10 12 n/s.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and Secondary Electron Yield Properties of Titanium–Palladium Films with Laser-Treated Copper Substrate for Application in Neutron Generators

Gao

Wang

et al. 2021

Materials

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Secondary electron emission (SEE) of the oxygen-free high-conductivity copper (OFHC) target surface in neutron generators limits the stability and improvement of the neutron yield. A novel-type target of titanium–palladium films coated on laser-treated OFHC target substrate was proposed and explored in this work to obtain low secondary electron yield (SEY) without introducing any components. The combination of Ti–Pd films and laser-treated OFHC substrate can effectively suppress secondary electron emission and enhance the adsorption ability to hydrogen isotopes with the existence of Pd film. The surface morphologies, surface chemical states, and SEYs of Ti–Pd films with laser-treated OFHC substrate were studied systematically for the first time. The XPS results showed that the laser-treated OFHC substrate surface was basically covered by Pd film. However, the Pd film surface was partially oxidized, with percentages of 21.31 and 10.02% for PdO and PdO2, respectively. The SEYs of Ti–Pd films with laser-treated OFHC substrate were all below 1 within the investigated primary energy range of 100–3000 eV, which would be sufficient for application in neutron generators. Specifically, the maximum SEY (δmax) of laser-treated OFHC substrate coated by Ti–Pd films was 0.87 with corresponding incident electron energy of 400 eV.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and Secondary Electron Yield Properties of Titanium–Palladium Films with Laser-Treated Copper Substrate for Application in Neutron Generators

Gao

Wang

et al. 2021

Materials

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“…The D-T and D-D neutron generators are commercially available [14]. Extensive efforts have been conducted to develop a high yield NG for various applications [5,[15][16][17]. The yield of the D-T reaction is 50-100 times higher than the D-D reaction also the D-T fusion reaction has the highest cross-section compared with the D-D [14,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MCNP Dose evaluation around D-D and D-T neutron generators and shielding design

2021

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In recent years, neutron generators have extensively used as neutron sources and vast efforts have been made to develop high yield neutron generators, so the aspect of radiation shielding during the utilization of neutron generators is unavoidable. In this study, dose distribution around the D-D and D-T neutron generator was calculated by using Monte Carlo simulation. Then an effective shielding was designed and different materials with different thicknesses at distinction distances from the generator were examined. Finally, the organs dose was acquired by using ICRP 110 male phantom with and without shielding at different body position relative to generator tube.The results show that the dose induced by the D-T generator is 500 times greater than the D-D generator and the neutron dose is about 100 times more than gamma dose. The dose is reduced about 20 times by increasing the distance up to 5 m, however, the presence of Borated-Polyethylene with a thickness of 60 cm as most effective shielding reduces the whole-body dose up to 60%. Besides, inserting a layer of Pb to Borated-Polyethylene is effective to attenuate the gamma-rays. The received dose to organs depends on the body direction relative to tube head of neutron generator. In general, the best position of tube placement relative to shielding wall are 90 and 180 degrees for the D-T and D-D generators, respectively, distance between the generator tube head and the phantom is suggested 200 cm and it is recommended that for most dose reduction, the operator stands in the anterior-posterior position relative to generator tube. K: Dosimetry concepts and apparatus; Models and simulations; Radiation damage evaluation methods; Neutron sources

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“…One is the fast neutron source with a high neutron yield and a compact structure. A neutron generator based on d (T, n) 4 He reaction is under development at Lanzhou University, China [6]. The designed yield of the neutron generator is 5 × 10 12 n/s, which is suitable for FNR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation and design of a fast neutron radiography detector based on MCP

Ran

et al. 2018

J. Inst.

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A: A fast neutron detector, consisting of a high-density polyethylene sheet, a micro-channel plate, a phosphor screen, a reflection mirror and a CCD camera, is proposed for fast neutron radiography purpose. To optimize the design of the detector, a series of simulations are performed by using Geant4 code. Simulation results indicate that the maximum conversion efficiency of the high-density polyethylene is about 0.38% when its thickness is 2 mm. To ensure the spatial resolution of the detector, the distance between high-density polyethylene and micro-channel plate should be as small as possible. The gap between MCP and PS is selected as 2 mm with a bias voltage of −4 kV to balance the luminescence efficiency and the spatial resolution of the PS. With the optimized structure, the detection efficiency of the detector is calculated to be 0.14% and the spatial resolution is possibly better than 500 µm. K: Detector modelling and simulations I (interaction of radiation with matter, interaction of photons with matter, interaction of hadrons with matter, etc); Neutron detectors (cold, thermal, fast neutrons); Neutron radiography 1Corresponding author.

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Design of a high-current low-energy beam transport line for an intense D-T/D-D neutron generator

Cited by 11 publications

References 14 publications

Structural and Secondary Electron Yield Properties of Titanium–Palladium Films with Laser-Treated Copper Substrate for Application in Neutron Generators

Structural and Secondary Electron Yield Properties of Titanium–Palladium Films with Laser-Treated Copper Substrate for Application in Neutron Generators

MCNP Dose evaluation around D-D and D-T neutron generators and shielding design

Simulation and design of a fast neutron radiography detector based on MCP

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