Design of a high-temperature heat to power conversion facility for testing supercritical CO2 equipment and packaged power units

Bianchi, Giuseppe; Saravi, Samira Sayad; Loeb, Romain; Tsamos, Konstantinos M.; Marchionni, Matteo; Leroux, Arthur; Tassou, Savvas A.

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2019.02.109

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The 100 kWe testing system was designed to illustrate the performance of the sCO2 Brayton cycle over a wide range of conditions. Another group from the United Kingdom designed a small-scale sCO2 system in the power range of around 50kWe for a high-temperature source [36]. The single-stage radial TAC was manufactured for future testing.…”

Section: Radial Turbinementioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive review of micro-scale expanders for carbon dioxide related power and refrigeration cycles

Tian

Pekris

2022

Applied Thermal Engineering

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Section: Radial Turbinementioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive review of micro-scale expanders for carbon dioxide related power and refrigeration cycles

Tian

Pekris

2022

Applied Thermal Engineering

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“…From a power scale perspective, several technological challenges and the high investment costs set the lowest feasible unit capacity at 50 kWe [9], which correspond to a waste source thermal power of 300 kW assuming a 20% system thermal efficiency [29]. Among the technical limitations, the main ones arise from the reduced size of the turbomachines.…”

Section: Benchmark Of Supercritical Co 2 Heat To Power Cyclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the technical limitations, the main ones arise from the reduced size of the turbomachines. Typical wheels diameters range from 30 mm to 50 mm, with consequent issues of leakage, high vibrations level and friction due to the elevated revolution speeds (over 60,000 RPM) [9,30]. On the other side, it is possible to scale up sCO 2 systems until tens of MW ( Fig.…”

Section: Benchmark Of Supercritical Co 2 Heat To Power Cyclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If a liquid coolant is considered, PCHE provide a compact yet pricey technological solution. At small power scales or when the footprint is not a major issue for the sCO 2 system, components available from the CO 2 refrigeration sector, such as Plate Heat Exchangers (PHE), can be used instead of PCHE with an extreme reduction of capital and operational costs [9]. Table 3 summarizes the heat exchanger technologies available for each of the heat exchanger typology in sCO 2 power cycles as well as the average cost per kW/K of the devices.…”

Section: Gas Coolers Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4. This review includes also novel information on the design and selection of heat exchangers and materials acquired by the authors during the construction of a 50 kW sCO 2 testing facility for waste heat recovery (WHR) applications at Brunel University London [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) technologies for high-grade waste heat to power conversion

2020

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In the European Industry, 275 TWh of thermal energy is rejected into the environment at temperatures beyond 300 °C. To recover some of this wasted energy, bottoming thermodynamic cycles using supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO 2) as working fluid are a promising technology for the conversion of the waste heat into power. CO 2 is a non-flammable and thermally stable compound, and due to its favourable thermo-physical properties in the supercritical state, can lead to high cycle efficiencies and a substantial reduction in size compared to alternative heat to power conversion technologies. In this work, a brief overview of the sCO 2 power cycle technology is presented. The main concepts behind this technology are highlighted, including key technological challenges with the major components such as turbomachinery and heat exchangers. The discussion focuses on heat to power conversion applications and benefits of the experience gained from the design and construction of a 50 kWe sCO 2 test facility at Brunel University London. A comparison between sCO 2 power cycles and conventional heat to power conversion systems is also provided. In particular, the operating ranges of sCO 2 and other heat to power systems are reported as a function of the waste heat source temperature and available thermal power. The resulting map provides insights for the preliminary selection of the most suitable heat to power conversion technology for a given industrial waste heat stream.

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Demonstration of a small‐scale power generator using supercritical CO₂

Li,

Tian,

Lin

et al. 2024

Carbon Energy

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The supercritical CO2 (sCO2) power cycle could improve efficiencies for a wide range of thermal power plants. The sCO2 turbine generator plays an important role in the sCO2 power cycle by directly converting thermal energy into mechanical work and electric power. The operation of the generator encounters challenges, including high temperature, high pressure, high rotational speed, and other engineering problems, such as leakage. Experimental studies of sCO2 turbines are insufficient because of the significant difficulties in turbine manufacturing and system construction. Unlike most experimental investigations that primarily focus on 100 kW‐ or MW‐scale power generation systems, we consider, for the first time, a small‐scale power generator using sCO2. A partial admission axial turbine was designed and manufactured with a rated rotational speed of 40,000 rpm, and a CO2 transcritical power cycle test loop was constructed to validate the performance of our manufactured generator. A resistant gas was proposed in the constructed turbine expander to solve the leakage issue. Both dynamic and steady performances were investigated. The results indicated that a peak electric power of 11.55 kW was achieved at 29,369 rpm. The maximum total efficiency of the turbo‐generator was 58.98%, which was affected by both the turbine rotational speed and pressure ratio, according to the proposed performance map.

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Design of a high-temperature heat to power conversion facility for testing supercritical CO2 equipment and packaged power units

Cited by 23 publications

References 22 publications

A comprehensive review of micro-scale expanders for carbon dioxide related power and refrigeration cycles

A comprehensive review of micro-scale expanders for carbon dioxide related power and refrigeration cycles

Review of supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) technologies for high-grade waste heat to power conversion

Demonstration of a small‐scale power generator using supercritical CO₂

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Design of a high-temperature heat to power conversion facility for testing supercritical CO2 equipment and packaged power units

Cited by 23 publications

References 22 publications

A comprehensive review of micro-scale expanders for carbon dioxide related power and refrigeration cycles

A comprehensive review of micro-scale expanders for carbon dioxide related power and refrigeration cycles

Review of supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) technologies for high-grade waste heat to power conversion

Demonstration of a small‐scale power generator using supercritical CO2

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Demonstration of a small‐scale power generator using supercritical CO₂