Design of a highly-birefringent microstructured photonic crystal fiber for pressure monitoring

Abstract

Abstract:We present the design of an air hole microstructured photonic crystal fiber for pressure sensing applications. The air-hole photonic crystal lattices were designed to produce a large intrinsic birefringence of 1.16x10 -3 . The impact of the surrounding air holes for pressure sensing to the propagation mode profiles and indices were studied and improved, which ensures single mode propagation in the fiber core defined by the photonic crystal lattice. An air hole matrix and a practical chemical etching process during the fiber perform preparation stage is proposed to produce an optical fiber with a birefringence-pressure coefficient of 43.89x10 -6 MPa -1 or a fiber Bragg grating pressure responsivity of 44.15 pm/MPa, which is a 17 times improvement over previous photonic crystal fiber designs. 14. R. Ghosh, A. Kumar, J. P. Meunier, and E. Marin, "Modal characteristics of few-mode silica-based photonic crystal fibres," Opt. Quantum Electron. 32(6/8), 963-970 (2000). 15. C. Jewart, and D. Xu, "J. Canning and K. P. Chen, "Structure optimization of air-hole fibers for high-sensitivity fiber Bragg grating pressure sensors,"

Slot Spiral Silicon Photonic Crystal Fiber With Property of Both High Birefringence and High Nonlinearity

“…In particular, with enhanced nonlinearity, both the footprint and power-consumption of optical device can be reduced. By carefully arranging the air holes of PCF, high birefringence in excess of 10 À3 can be readily achieved [1], [2]. Even higher birefringence up to 10 À2 was also reported by the employment of PCF with modified rectangular lattice [3], spiral lattice to form an elliptical core shape [4], elliptical air holes within the fiber [5], [6] or soft glass with liquid crystal core [7].…”

Thermally regenerated fiber Bragg gratings in twin-air-hole microstructured fibers for high temperature pressure sensing

“…By further optimization of the writing of seed grating and annealing schedule, it is possible to push up the survival and operating temperature of the regenerated pressure sensor to higher than 1000 ºC [11][12]. On the other hand, the fiber geometries can also be further optimized with FEA simulations, to achieve higher pressure sensitivity and lower temperature/pressure cross-sensitivities [18][19]. In comparison with the previous results using type-II FBG [20], better measurement sensitivity and accuracy, better multiplexing capability and the capability of temperature/pressure discrimination are achieved with the type-I regenerated FBGs in twin-hole fiber.…”

“…The transverse stress and pressure response of air-hole microstructure fibers can be numerically simulated with Finite element analysis (FEA) model. New fiber geometries can be designed with optimized size, sharp and positions for fiber core and air-holes, to achieve better transverse stress and pressure response and lower cross-sensitivities [18][19].…”

Manifestations of Nanomaterials in Development of Advanced Sensors for Defense Applications

“…Due to significant variations in Young's modulus because of the air columns running along the fiber length of HC-PBF or PCFs, these systems prove to be good sensors for axial strain applied acoustic pressure parameter sensing. Recently, little effort has been put into developing the PCF-based acousto-optic devices including hollow-core PCF [16][17][18], solidcore PCF [19,20], dual-core PCF [21], twin-core PCF [22], and highly birefringent PCFs [23,24]. Pang and Jin [17] have demonstrated a Michelson interferometerbased system using a 5.7 m fiber to sense the frequencies in a wide range (40-3000 Hz) at 1550 nm, with phase shift as the function of pressure.…”