Design of a holographic tracking module for long-range retroreflector free-space systems

Quintana, Crisanto; Erry, Gavin R. G.; Gómez, Ariel; Thueux, Yoann; Faulkner, Grahame; O’Brien, Dominic

doi:10.1364/ao.55.007173

Cited by 17 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Proof: Please refer to Appendix C. The coefficients B n in (23) depend on the parameters σ θo and the number of sectors denoted by N . Obviously, the accuracy of the proposed model in (23) directly depends on the number of sectors N , and for sufficiently large values of N , an exact match between simulations and analysis can be achieved at the cost of higher complexity. Hence, choosing an optimal value for N involves a trade-off between complexity and accuracy.…”

Section: B Moderate To Strong Turbulence Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Substituting ( 46) and ( 47) in (43), we obtain (48). Finally using [47, 07.34.21.0084.01] and after some manipulations, the closed-form expression for h is derived in (23). Substituting (23) in (17) and using [47, eq.…”

Section: Appendix C the Proof Of Theoremmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the MRR-based topology, complexity and tracking equipment are transferred from the UAV node to the GS. Even though MRRbased optical wireless communications have been well studied in the context of underwater optical wireless communications [22], this subject is restricted to few works in the context of UAV-based FSO communications [23]- [30]. In [23], [24], the authors design and implement a real-time localization and 1 An MRR consists of an optical retroreflector with a modulator to first modulate the incoming optical signal and then reflect it toward the transmitter.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even though MRRbased optical wireless communications have been well studied in the context of underwater optical wireless communications [22], this subject is restricted to few works in the context of UAV-based FSO communications [23]- [30]. In [23], [24], the authors design and implement a real-time localization and 1 An MRR consists of an optical retroreflector with a modulator to first modulate the incoming optical signal and then reflect it toward the transmitter. This feature makes it possible to act as an optical communications device without sending its own optical power as graphically depicted in Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modulating Retroreflector Based Free Space Optical Link for UAV-to-Ground Communications

Dabiri¹,

Rezaee²,

Mohammadi³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Weight reduction and low power consumption are key requirements in the next generation of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) networks. Employing modulating retro-reflector (MRR)-based free space optical (FSO) technology is an innovative technique for UAV-to-ground communication in order to reduce the payload weight and power consumption of UAVs which leads to increased maneuverability and flight time of UAV. In this paper, we consider an MRR-based FSO system for UAVto-ground communication. We will show that the performance of the considered system is very sensitive to tracking errors. Therefore, to assess the benefits of MRR-based UAV deployment for FSO communications, the MRR-based UAV FSO channel is characterized by taking into account tracking system errors along with UAV's orientation fluctuations, link length, UAV's height, optical beam divergence angle, effective area of MRR, atmospheric turbulence and optical channel loss in the doublepass channels. To enable effective performance analysis, tractable and closed-form expressions are derived for probability density function of end-to-end signal to noise ratio, outage probability and bit error rate of the considered system under both weak-tomoderate and moderate-to-strong atmospheric turbulence conditions. The accuracy of the analytical expressions is verified by extensive simulations. Analytical results are then used to study the relationship between the optimal system design and tracking system errors.Index Terms-Angle of arrival (AoA) fluctuations, FSO communications, UAV, modulating retro-reflector (MRR). I. INTRODUCTIONU NMANNED aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been introduced to overcome many of the shortcomings of the current terrestrial infrastructure by operating as aerial communication nodes and providing robust line-of-sight (LoS) connectivity to ground devices [1], [2]. UAVs deployed as flying communication nodes using radio frequency (RF) will interfere with ground devices, hence degrading the performance of the ground network. Employing UAVs equipped with free space optical (FSO) technology is a promising method for future ultra dense wireless networks [3]. FSO communication systems use very small beam divergence which is physically inaccessible to RF technologies, thus, making FSO links extremely secure. Moreover, FSO system is much faster, easier to deploy, more compact, and cheaper than RF [4]- [6]. However, vulnerability to signal blockage is one of the fundamental limitations of FSO links that essentially confines the receiver to be placed within the line-of-sight (LoS) of the transmitter. A potential application of UAV-assisted FSO systems is in dense cities with tall buildings where a UAV can act as an aerial relay to connect source and destination nodes where the LoS between ground optical nodes is interrupted by tall buildings [7], [8].

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Section: B Moderate To Strong Turbulence Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Appendix C the Proof Of Theoremmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modulating Retroreflector Based Free Space Optical Link for UAV-to-Ground Communications

Dabiri¹,

Rezaee²,

Mohammadi³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Holograms of 512x512 pixels can be written on the SLM. These consist of phase gratings to perform analogue beam steering up to ±2.96°, as well as phase profiles to control beam divergence and high order aberration correction [9].…”

Section: ) Fine-tracking Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A High Speed Retro-Reflective Free Space Optics Links With UAV

Quintana

Wang

Jakonis

et al. 2021

J. Lightwave Technol.

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In this work we report the design and implementation of a very high speed retro-reflective free space communication system between a ground station and a commercial unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The system uses a pixelated electro-absorption modulator (EAM) modulating retroreflector (MRR) to establish a data link operating at 500 Mbps at a range of 560 m and a bit error rate (BER) of 7.6•10 -4 . The MRR provides an effective aperture of 11mm and full field of view (FFOV) of 6.4°. To the best of our knowledge, this is the fastest demonstration of an outdoor link of this type. In this paper the design and implementation of the system is described, as well as results from experimental trials.

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Acquisition, Pointing, and Tracking

2024

Handbook of Optical Wireless Communication

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Design of a holographic tracking module for long-range retroreflector free-space systems

Cited by 17 publications

References 14 publications

Modulating Retroreflector Based Free Space Optical Link for UAV-to-Ground Communications

Modulating Retroreflector Based Free Space Optical Link for UAV-to-Ground Communications

A High Speed Retro-Reflective Free Space Optics Links With UAV

Acquisition, Pointing, and Tracking

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