Design of a multispecies probiotic mixture to prevent infectious complications in critically ill patients

Timmerman, Harro M.; Niers, Laetitia E. M.; Ridwan, Ben U.; Koning, Catherina J. M.; Mulder, Linda; Akkermans, L.M.A.; Rombouts, F.M.; Rijkers, Ger T.

doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2007.04.008

Cited by 101 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In PBMCs, K. marxianus B0399 induced the production of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1␤, TNF-␣, IFN-␥, and IL-6, which are known to play a crucial role in host defense mechanisms. A similar overproduction of IL-6 and TNF-␣ was demonstrated for PBMCs exposed to well-established probiotic strains of lactobacilli, streptococci, Leuconostoc spp., and Bifidobacterium breve (18,26,43). Notably, when K. marxianus B0399 was coincubated with LPS, the concentrations of TNF-␣ and IL-6 decreased to values similar to those detected in yeast-stimulated PBMCs without LPS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Potential Probiotic Kluyveromyces marxianus B0399 Modulates the Immune Response in Caco-2 Cells and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Impacts the Human Gut Microbiota in an In Vitro Colonic Model System

Maccaferri

Klinder

Brigidi

et al. 2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

124

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Considering the increase in the consumption of yeasts as human probiotics, the aim of this study was to broadly investigate the beneficial properties of the lactic yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus (formerly Kluyveromyces fragilis) B0399. Several potential probiotic traits of K. marxianus B0399 were investigated by using in vitro assays, including adhesion and immune modulation, and the effect of the administration of 10 7 CFU/day of K. marxianus B0399 on the composition and metabolic activity of the human intestinal microbiota was investigated in a 3-stage continuous-culture system simulating the human colon. We demonstrated that this strain was highly adhesive to human enterocyte-like Caco-2 cells and modulated the immune response, inducing proinflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). In the presence of inflammatory stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), K. marxianus B0399 provoked decreases in the levels of production of proinflammatory cytokines in PBMCs and Caco-2 cells, thus ameliorating the inflammatory response. Furthermore, K. marxianus B0399 impacted the colonic microbiota, increasing the bifidobacterial concentration in the stages of the colonic model system simulating the proximal and transverse colon. The amounts of the short-chain fatty acids acetate and propionate also increased following yeast supplementation. Finally, K. marxianus B0399 was found to induce a decrease of the cytotoxic potential of the culture supernatant from the first stage of the colonic model system. The effects of K. marxianus B0399 on adhesion, immune function, and colonic microbiota demonstrate that this strain possesses a number of beneficial and strain-specific properties desirable for a microorganism considered for application as a probiotic.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Potential Probiotic Kluyveromyces marxianus B0399 Modulates the Immune Response in Caco-2 Cells and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Impacts the Human Gut Microbiota in an In Vitro Colonic Model System

Maccaferri

Klinder

Brigidi

et al. 2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

124

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“…It is possible that there are diseasespecific benefits confined to particular species. LGG was selected for this study because of its strong antibacterial effects, 21 its ability to colonize the gut during antibiotic…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactobacillus GG as Treatment for Diarrhea During Enteral Feeding in Critical Illness

Ferrie

Daley

2010

J Parenter Enteral Nutr

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Background: Diarrhea is a common problem in critical illness. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of probiotic treatment with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG on established diarrhea in critically ill patients. Methods: This prospective randomized blinded trial in the adult intensive care unit of a large tertiary referral teaching hospital compared probiotic treatment with placebo. Thirty‐six consecutive critically ill enterally fed adults with diarrhea were randomized to receive 2 capsules per day for 7 days of either Lactobacillus GG in an inulin base (Culturelle) or inulin alone (placebo). Diarrhea was defined as ≥3 unformed stools or >200 mL stool volume within 24 hours. Prospectively defined primary end point was duration of diarrhea, and secondary end point was mean number of loose stools per day during the 14 days from the first capsule. Results by intention‐to‐treat analysis: No significant difference was observed for any end point. There was a trend toward more diarrhea in the probiotic treatment group. Mean (standard deviation) duration of diarrhea was 3.83 (2.39) days for the probiotic group and 2.56 (1.85) days for the placebo group (P = .096). Mean number of loose stools per day during the 14 days from the first capsule was 1.58 (0.88) in the probiotic group and 1.10 (0.79) in the placebo group (P = .150). Conclusions: This study does not support the use of Lactobacillus GG as a treatment for established diarrhea in enterally fed critically ill patients.

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“…Lactococci are not considered part of the gastrointestinal tract, and only a few studies on their probiotic activity are available. However, lactococci do exhibit probiotic properties, like the ability to (i) survive in the gut, (ii) lower the cholesterol level, and (iii) modulate the immune response of the host (26,46). Lactococci also tolerate gut secretions such as (24,25).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ABC-Type Multidrug Resistance Transporter LmrCD Is Responsible for an Extrusion-Based Mechanism of Bile Acid Resistance in Lactococcus lactis

Zaidi¹,

Bakkes²,

Lubelski

et al. 2008

J Bacteriol

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Upon prolonged exposure to cholate and other toxic compounds, Lactococcus lactis develops a multidrug resistance phenotype that has been attributed to an elevated expression of the heterodimeric ABC-type multidrug transporter LmrCD. To investigate the molecular basis of bile acid resistance in L. lactis and to evaluate the contribution of efflux-based mechanisms in this process, the drug-sensitive L. lactis NZ9000 ⌬lmrCD strain was challenged with cholate. A resistant strain was obtained that, compared to the parental strain, showed (i) significantly improved resistance toward several bile acids but not to drugs, (ii) morphological changes, and (iii) an altered susceptibility to antimicrobial peptides. Transcriptome and transport analyses suggest that the acquired resistance is unrelated to elevated transport activity but, instead, results from a multitude of stress responses, changes to the cell envelope, and metabolic changes. In contrast, wild-type cells induce the expression of lmrCD upon exposure to cholate, whereupon the cholate is actively extruded from the cells. Together, these data suggest a central role for an efflux-based mechanism in bile acid resistance and implicate LmrCD as the main system responsible in L. lactis.

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Design of a multispecies probiotic mixture to prevent infectious complications in critically ill patients

Cited by 101 publications

References 48 publications

Potential Probiotic Kluyveromyces marxianus B0399 Modulates the Immune Response in Caco-2 Cells and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Impacts the Human Gut Microbiota in an In Vitro Colonic Model System

Potential Probiotic Kluyveromyces marxianus B0399 Modulates the Immune Response in Caco-2 Cells and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Impacts the Human Gut Microbiota in an In Vitro Colonic Model System

Lactobacillus GG as Treatment for Diarrhea During Enteral Feeding in Critical Illness

The ABC-Type Multidrug Resistance Transporter LmrCD Is Responsible for an Extrusion-Based Mechanism of Bile Acid Resistance in Lactococcus lactis

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