Design of a Planar Inverted F-Antenna for Medical Implant Communications Services Band

Salama, Sanaa; Zyoud, Duaa; Daghlas, Razan; Abuelhaija, Ashraf

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1711/1/012001

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The simulated SAR values for the 10 g model at 402.5 MHz, 2.45 GHz, and 2.95 GHz are shown in Figure 9 . In Table 6 , a summary of the results for this study and other previous studies is given, and the proposed antenna covers three frequency bands with size reductions of 34% and 51% compared with the implantable antennas designed in [ 4 , 5 ], respectively. The proposed antenna is 528 mm 3 in size, whereas our previous antenna designed in [ 4 , 5 ] were 1536 mm 3 and 1026 mm 3 , respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the design of implantable antennas, many parameters (such as biocompatibility, miniaturization, radiation efficiency, circular polarization, and patient safety) have to be considered. Implantable antennas with minimal size and volume were proposed in [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]; however, miniaturization reduces the antenna efficiency and gain. To enhance the gain, a metamaterial technique [ 12 , 13 , 14 ] was used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Compact-Size Multiple-Band Planar Inverted L-C Implantable Antenna Used for Biomedical Applications

2023

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In this paper, a compact-size multiple-band planar inverted L-C implantable antenna is proposed. The compact antenna has a size of 20 mm × 12 mm × 2.2 mm and consists of planar inverted C-shaped and L-shaped radiating patches. The designed antenna is employed on the RO3010 substrate (εr = 10.2, tanδ = 0.0023, and thickness = 2 mm). An alumina layer with a thickness of 0.177 mm (εr = 9.4 and tanδ = 0.006) is used as the superstrate. The designed antenna operates at triple-frequency bands with a return loss of −46 dB at 402.5 MHz, −33.55 dB at 2.45 GHz, and −41.4 dB at 2.95 GHz, and provides a size reduction of 51% compared with the conventional dual-band planar inverted F-L implant antenna designed in our previous study. In addition, the SAR values are within the safety limits with a maximum allowable input power (8.43 mW (1 g) and 47.5 mW (10 g) at 402.5 MHz; 12.85 mW (1 g) and 47.8 mW (10 g) at 2.45 GHz; and 11 mW (1 g) and 50.5 mW (10 g) at 2.95 GHz). The proposed antenna operates at low power levels and supports an energy-efficient solution. The simulated gain values are −29.7 dB, −3.1 dB, and −7.3 dB, respectively. The suggested antenna is fabricated and the return loss is measured. Our findings are then compared with the simulated results.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Compact-Size Multiple-Band Planar Inverted L-C Implantable Antenna Used for Biomedical Applications

2023

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“…In this work, a metamaterial is used to enhance the characteristics of a planar inverted F-L implant antenna (PIFLIA) and becomes a novel approach for biomedical (1) applications. By using metamaterials, the proposed antenna properties are enhanced compared to the conventional materials, [26][27][28][29][30].…”

Section: Theory Of Metamaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Miniaturized Enhanced Gain Wideband Metamaterial Loaded Planar Inverted F-L Implant Antenna

Salama,

ZYOUD,

Abuelhaija

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The antenna presented in this work is a planar inverted F-L (PIFLIA) implant antenna. The PIFLIA characteristics are improved by loading it with a metamaterial. A metamaterial is an artificial material engineered having properties that are unavailable in nature. The metamaterial is designed using an H-shaped split rectangular resonator as the unit cell. Unit cells are the main element of metamaterials. The antenna is constructed on a substrate material of RO3010. To reduce the antenna's size and enhance its bandwidth, a 2x2 array of the metamaterial unit cell is printed on the opposite side of the substrate. While, the planar inverted F-L antenna is on the upper side of the substrate. This arrangement results in a compact antenna structure. The size of the metamaterial-loaded PIFLA antenna is specified as 16 × 10 × 1.28 mm³. The structure and simulation of the proposed antenna are performed using CST (Computer Simulation Technology) software, a popular tool for electromagnetic simulations. The relative permittivity, ε_r, relative permeability, μ_r, and refractive index, n of the metamaterial unit cell are determined from the scattering parameters and plotted using Matlab, a high-level programming language commonly used for numerical simulations and data analysis. The simulated S_11 of the antenna indicates excellent performance with less than -32 dB return loss in the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band and the medical implant communication services (MICS) band. Additionally, the antenna supports a wide frequency bandwidth, including the MICS band [393.3 – 412.64 MHz], the ISM band [2 – 2.6 GHz], and two additional frequency bands: [1.2 – 1.3 GHz] and [2.8 - 3.6 GHz]. The introduced metamaterial-loaded PIFLA implant antenna is implemented, and the measurements were in consistent with the simulation results.

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“…Advanced WPT technology for powering implantable devices requires simultaneous miniaturization and high‐performance implantable antennas. Planar antennas, [ 114 ] in particular the rectangular microstrip antenna [ 115 ] circular patch antenna, [ 116,117 ] PIFA antenna [ 118 ] are preferred for small size antenna. These antennas benefit from their simple design and fabrication, are also easily integrated with other electronic components.…”

Section: Wireless Power Transfer Solutions In Cimdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Battery‐Free and Wireless Technologies for Cardiovascular Implantable Medical Devices

Zhang

Das

Zhao

et al. 2022

Adv Materials Technologies

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Cardiovascular disease continues to be one of the dominant causes of global mortality. One effective treatment is to utilize cardiovascular implantable devices (cIMDs) with multi‐functional cell sensing and monitoring features that have the potential to manipulate cardiovascular hyperplasia disorders as well as provide therapy. However, batteries with a fixed capacity entail high‐risk surgeries for battery‐replacement, which causes health hazards and imposes significant costs to patients. This review accesses comprehensive power solutions for cIMDs, from conventional batteries to state‐of‐the‐art energy harvesters and wireless power transfer (WPT) schemes. In particular, WPT has great potential to eliminate the percutaneous wires and overcome frequent battery removal. Here, the fundamentals, power transfer efficiency, antenna design and miniaturization, and operating frequencies in various WPT schemes are presented. Moreover, the power loss attenuation and bio‐safety standard (specific absorption rate) for implants are also considered in WPT design envelope. In addition, wireless data transmission of implantable devices from external to internal milieu (and vice versa) along with different modulation and demodulation techniques are investigated. The last advanced power solutions for cIMDs in in‐vivo and in vitro research are illustrated throughout. Finally, specifications and future potential of WPT systems in cIMDs are highlighted.

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Design of a Planar Inverted F-Antenna for Medical Implant Communications Services Band

Cited by 9 publications

References 13 publications

A Compact-Size Multiple-Band Planar Inverted L-C Implantable Antenna Used for Biomedical Applications

A Compact-Size Multiple-Band Planar Inverted L-C Implantable Antenna Used for Biomedical Applications

A Miniaturized Enhanced Gain Wideband Metamaterial Loaded Planar Inverted F-L Implant Antenna

Battery‐Free and Wireless Technologies for Cardiovascular Implantable Medical Devices

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