Design of a robust load—frequency controller for interconnected power systems based on the singular-value decomposition method

H∞ load frequency control of interconnected power systems with communication delays

“…In view of the above, the objective of the control problem for system (6) and (7) is not to tune the PI controller gains, rather an additional suitable control law u(t) is introduced that can stabilize the system as well as to ascertain some H 1 performance criterion when the conventional LFC (local-controller) for a specified integral gain (inherent to the system dynamics) having certain delay configuration (s 1 and s 2 ) fails to stabilize the frequency deviations, which is discussed in the next section.…”

“…This problem has been investigated by many researchers and various control strategies, e.g., Proportional-Integral (PI) control [6][7][8]20], H 1 control using state feedback [4,5,11,13,21], variable structure control [19], adaptive control [3], have been employed in the design of LFC for interconnected power systems. Recently, several papers have been published to address the LFC schemes that yield adequate control performance in presence of nonlinearities in an interconnected power system [23][24][25].…”

H∞ Load Frequency Control Design Based on Delay Discretization Approach for Interconnected Power Systems with Time Delay

“…For LFC, some requirements must be taken into account such as: ① the minimization of the steady state error of tie-line exchanges and frequency deviations [2]; ② the optimal transient behavior [3]; ③ the optimal power dispatch [4], [5]. For interconnected power system, area control error (ACE) signal is used as an input for automatic regulation of frequency deviation [6]. And dedicated communication channels are used for the transmission of measured data from remote terminal units (RTUs) to the control center, and ACE signal from the control center to the generation station [7], [8].…”

“…There has been available literature on designing suitable controllers for LFC scheme of an interconnected power system. One of the simplest controller, i.e., a proportional-integral (PI) control, is proposed in [5], [6]. To achieve better performance, some controllers such as H ¥ controller [14] and adaptive controller [4] are proposed.…”