Design of a sparse antenna array for radar‐based structural health monitoring of wind turbine blades

Arnold, Philip; Moll, Jochen; Krozer, Viktor

doi:10.1049/iet-rsn.2016.0355

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…These results can be improved by a future radar sensor with multiple transmitting and receiving elements providing an enhanced point-spread function. 12 After characterizing the image performance of the radar system with the corner reflector, 2 types of damage on a glass fiber composite structure have been studied as shown in Figure 3A. The size of the structure is 800 × 300 × 10 mm.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The radar sensor is permanently installed at the tower of the wind energy plant and radiates electromagnetic waves towards the rotor blades. Structural inspection takes place when the blade passes the radar sensor at 6‐o'clock position . The novelty of the paper at hand are given by the following aspects: For the first time, an imaging radar at 33.4 to 36.0 GHz is presented for structural health monitoring (SHM) purposes that enables 3‐dimensional damage localization in wind turbine blades. A differential imaging system is presented that exploits prior information of the intact structure to remove reflections from structural features by signal subtraction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Structural inspection takes place when the blade passes the radar sensor at 6-o'clock position. 12 The novelty of the paper at hand are given by the following aspects: 1. For the first time, an imaging radar at 33.4 to 36.0 GHz is presented for structural health monitoring (SHM) purposes that enables 3-dimensional damage localization in wind turbine blades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radar‐based structural health monitoring of wind turbine blades: The case of damage localization

et al. 2018

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This short communication reports on a radar approach for structural health monitoring of wind turbine blades. Therefore, a bistatic frequency‐modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar in the frequency range from 33.4 to 36.0 GHz has been developed and tested experimentally using a laboratory wind turbine demonstrator. A differential damage localization framework is presented here that exploits signal differences between measurements from the intact and the damaged structure for 3D imaging of the defect. We have achieved the localization of a 30‐mm cut in a glass fiber composite structure as well as the localization of a water pack at the backside of the specimen with a localization error of several centimeters.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radar‐based structural health monitoring of wind turbine blades: The case of damage localization

et al. 2018

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“…Future work will consider a more complex radar system with one transmitter and nine receivers as shown in [28]. Moreover, we have to prove that actual damages, in particular delaminations, but also cracks and detachment of kissing bonds, can be detected during operation of the wind turbine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radar Imaging System for in-Service Wind Turbine Blades Inspections: Initial Results From a Field Installation at a 2 Mw Wind Turbine

Moll¹,

Simon²,

Mälzer³

et al. 2018

PIER

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This paper presents an imaging radar system for structural health monitoring (SHM) of wind turbine blades. The imaging radar system developed here is based on two frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar sensors with a high output power of 30 dBm. They have been developed for the frequency bands of 24,05 GHz-24,25 GHz and 33.4 GHz-36.0 GHz, respectively. Following the successful proof of damage detection and localization in laboratory conditions, we present here the installation of the sensor system at the tower of a 2 MW wind energy plant at 95 m above ground. The realization of the SHM-system will be introduced including the sensor system, the data acquisition framework and the signal processing procedures. We have achieved an imaging of the rotor blades using inverse synthetic aperture radar techniques under changing environmental and operational condition. On top of that, it was demonstrated that the front wall and back wall radar echo can be extracted from the measured signals demonstrating the full penetration of wind turbine blades during operation.

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“…To provide real-time information on structural well being, structural health monitoring (SHM) has received much attention recently [ 23 , 24 , 25 ]. In practical engineering, the commonly used methods for detecting the cracks in the concrete include image-based methods [ 26 , 27 , 28 ], radar-based methods [ 29 , 30 ], ultrasonic [ 31 , 32 , 33 ], and impact echo (IE) [ 34 , 35 ], among others. In recent years, studies show that the lead zirconate titanate (PZT) has been applied in SHM [ 36 , 37 ] due to its superiorities of low cost, strong piezoelectric effect [ 38 , 39 ], sensing and actuation [ 40 , 41 ], wide bandwidth [ 42 , 43 ] and energy harvesting [ 44 , 45 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detecting of the Crack and Leakage in the Joint of Precast Concrete Segmental Bridge Using Piezoceramic Based Smart Aggregate

Wang

Fan

2020

Sensors

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Precast concrete segmental bridges (PCSBs) have been widely used in bridge engineering due to their numerous competitive advantages. The structural behavior and health status of PCSBs largely depend on the performance of the joint between the assembled segments. However, due to construction errors and dynamic loading conditions, some cracks and leakages have been found at the epoxy joints of PCSBs during the construction or operation stage. These defects will affect the joint quality, negatively impacting the safety and durability of the bridge. A structural health monitoring (SHM) method using active sensing with a piezoceramic-based smart aggregate (SA) to detect the crack and leakage in the epoxy joint of PCSBs was proposed and the feasibility was studied by experiment in the present work. Two concrete prisms were prefabricated with installed SAs and assembled with epoxy joint. An initial defect was simulated by leaving a 3-cm crack at the center of the joint without epoxy. With a total of 13 test cases and the different lengths of cracks without water and filled with water were simulated and tested. Time-domain analysis, frequency-domain analysis and wavelet-packet-based energy index (WPEI) analysis were conducted to evaluate the health condition of the structure. By comparing the collected voltage signals, Power Spectrum Density (PSD) energy and WPEIs under different healthy states, it is shown that the test results are closely related to the length of the crack and the leakage in the epoxy joint. It is demonstrated that the devised approach has certain application value in detecting the crack and leakage in the joint of PCSBs.

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Design of a sparse antenna array for radar‐based structural health monitoring of wind turbine blades

Cited by 10 publications

References 29 publications

Radar‐based structural health monitoring of wind turbine blades: The case of damage localization

Radar‐based structural health monitoring of wind turbine blades: The case of damage localization

Radar Imaging System for in-Service Wind Turbine Blades Inspections: Initial Results From a Field Installation at a 2 Mw Wind Turbine

Detecting of the Crack and Leakage in the Joint of Precast Concrete Segmental Bridge Using Piezoceramic Based Smart Aggregate

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