Design of a Sustainable PV System to Achieve Net-Zero Energy in Greenhouses

Abstract

This study addresses the critical challenges faced by the agricultural sector, particularly in greenhouse operations, by integrating renewable energy sources to achieve net-zero energy consumption. It explored the feasibility, design considerations, and impacts of implementing a sustainable grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system in greenhouses, using a case study located in Mashhad, Iran. This location was chosen due to its high solar radiation levels, making it an ideal setting for our research. Through simulations and analysis using HOMER software, an optimized PV system was designed that not only meets the energy demands of the greenhouse but also allows for the exchange of surplus energy with the grid, promoting energy efficiency and sustainability. Netzero energy has been achieved in the greenhouse by using the PV system and the net metering method. The findings highlight the potential for significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and fossil fuel dependence, underscoring the economic and environmental benefits of incorporating solar energy into greenhouse agriculture.