Design of a WSN Platform for Long-Term Environmental Monitoring for IoT Applications

Abstract

The Internet of Things (IoT) provides a virtual view, via the Internet Protocol, to a huge variety of real life objects, ranging from a car, to a teacup, to a building, to trees in a forest. Its appeal is the ubiquitous generalized access to the status and location of any "thing" we may be interested in. Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are well suited for longterm environmental data acquisition for IoT representation. This paper presents the functional design and implementation of a complete WSN platform that can be used for a range of long-term environmental monitoring IoT applications. The application requirements for low cost, high number of sensors, fast deployment, long lifetime, low maintenance, and high quality of service are considered in the specification and design of the platform and of all its components. Low-effort platform reuse is also considered starting from the specifications and at all design levels for a wide array of related monitoring applications.

A heterogeneous system architecture for low-power wireless sensor nodes in compute-intensive distributed applications

“…Also the requirements and capabilities of the motes vary strongly between different applications and even within a certain network, the architecture of a typical WSN mote consists of the five generic units shown in Figure 3. Analog or digital sensors ( Figure 3a) capture the relevant signals at sampling periods ranging from several seconds in environmental monitoring [Lazarescu2013] down to several milliseconds in vibrationbased structural health monitoring [Battista2013] or even below in acoustic localization applications [Astapov2014].…”

“…First, data sampled from spatially distributed sensors cannot be properly interpreted without knowledge of the exact sampling time. The acceptable uncertainty is typically a small percentage of the application's sampling period, which may range from several seconds in environmental monitoring [Lazarescu2013] down to several milliseconds in vibrationbased structural health monitoring (Section 7.3), or even shorter in acoustic localization applications [Astapov2014]. Thus, synchronization protocols with an accuracy of a few microseconds are required for the more demanding applications.…”

A Data-Oriented M2M Messaging Mechanism for Industrial IoT Applications

“…Thus, handheld, miniaturized, energy-efficient, and low-cost devices appear and are used as an interface between the Information Technology (IT) infrastructure and sensor nodes. In addition, various sensors, Micro-ElectroMechanical Systems (MEMS), Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), and Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) convert physical variables into computer understandable data [15], which is interfaced to the IT infrastructure for potential use. Then, robots and actuators interact with the physical world according to the computer command in turn.…”

Diseño de una red de monitorización de variables meteorológicas relacionadas a los tornados en Barranquilla-Colombia y su área metropolitana

“…En [17] se realizan estudios urbanos para monitoreo de condiciones locales de calidad de aire en Chile, mediante el uso de estaciones ambientales. En [18] se usa en aplicaciones IoT (Internet de las cosas), también para el monitoreo de variables ambientales y meteorológicas locales. conocido como tornado-génesis, cuyo análisis revela si es inminente minutos antes que se produzca [31][32], además sondea el interior de las tormentas y mide los cambios de viento peligrosos; por ello su uso es muy difundido en los aeropuertos [33].…”