Design of an intravenous diet of amino-acids and fat suitable for intensive patient-care.

Peaston, M. J. T.

doi:10.1136/bmj.2.5510.388

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…For example, a large proportion o f the unidentified nitrogen excretion after Aminosol 10% infusion is probably due to non-metabolized peptide excretion as previously described by Levine et al (1957);Brocard et al (1964), andPeaston (1966). These differences are very relevant to the use o f a formula for calculating a patient's individual daily nitrogen requirements based on urinary urea nitrogen excretion (Lee and Hart ley, 1975) which has to be modified according to type o f nitrogen source solu tion used.…”

Section: Comparative Nutritional Value O F Am Odex and Aminosolmentioning

confidence: 67%

Investigations into the Optimum Nitrogen and Caloric Requirements and Comparative Nutritive Value of Three Intravenous Amino Acid Solutions in the Post-Operative Period

Hartley

Lee

1975

Ann Nutr Metab

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Complete nitrogen balance studies have been conducted in 17 patients undergoing vagotomy and pyloroplasty during the first 6 post-operative days. All patients received only intravenous nutrition during this period and there were no metabolic complications. These studies have shown that the optimum nitrogen and energy intake in the post-operative period in adults are 0.24 g nitrogen and 46 kcal/kg body weight/day, respectively. These studies throw further doubt on the use of the E/T ratio as a predictor of nitrogen source solution efficiency in intravenous nutrition regimes. It is suggested that more attention should be directed to the non-essential nitrogen constituents in those solutions where the essential amino acid nitrogen contributes 30 % of the total nitrogen. A new solution, Amodex, with an E/T ratio of 2.62 and an essential amino acid nitrogen content of 30 % of the total nitrogen content has been found to compare favourably with two other well-established solutions in the post-operative period. These studies suggest that of the three solutions, Vamin 7 %may be marginally more efficient.

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Section: Comparative Nutritional Value O F Am Odex and Aminosolmentioning

confidence: 67%

Investigations into the Optimum Nitrogen and Caloric Requirements and Comparative Nutritive Value of Three Intravenous Amino Acid Solutions in the Post-Operative Period

Hartley

Lee

1975

Ann Nutr Metab

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“…In many of these studies concomitant infusions of fat emulsion were given (for references see previous section on fat emulsions). The reduction in catabolism has been confirmed by several studies (Christensen et al, 1955;Peaston, 1966b). Infusions of amino-acids do not cause a significant increase in the excretion of amino nitrogen (Brocard, Akoun & Fabiani, 1964;Peaston, 1966b).…”

Section: Amino-acidsmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…The reduction in catabolism has been confirmed by several studies (Christensen et al, 1955;Peaston, 1966b). Infusions of amino-acids do not cause a significant increase in the excretion of amino nitrogen (Brocard, Akoun & Fabiani, 1964;Peaston, 1966b). The urinary nitrogen output is greater with protein hydrolysates than with plasma infusions (Levine et al, 1957) but this does not mean that plasma is a better source of nitrogen.…”

Section: Amino-acidsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The criterion of adequate metabolic care was taken as a state of balance for the variables measured; 'a state of balance was accepted when the difference between the intake and urinary excretion lay within the range of predicted losses from the gut, skin and lungs' (Peaston, 1966b). Metabolic studies on intragastric feeding Introduction Although the use of nutrients given via a catheter into the pharynx or oesophagus dates back to a report by Capivacceus in 1598 of feeding through a hollow tube attached to an animal bladder (His, 1925) it was not until 1776 that this technique was described for the direct transmission of food into the stomach.…”

Section: Projects Studied By the Authormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maintenance of metabolism during intensive patient care

Peaston

1967

Postgraduate Medical Journal

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“…In most cases of i. v. nutrition, bigger quantities of sodium have been given. D u d r ic k et al [1968,1969], Peaston [1966Peaston [ , 1967 and Stell [1970] allowed between 125 and 160 mmol sodium/day. To 1 patient, who was on parenteral feeding for more than 7 months, Bergstrom et al [1971] gave an average of 52 mmol sodium/day.…”

Section: Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complete Intravenous Nutrition

Wretlind¹

1972

Ann Nutr Metab

105

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A large number of experimental and clinical investigations has shown that an adequate, complete intravenous (i.v.) nutrition can be provided by using an amino acid mixture, glucose or fructose, fat emulsions, electrolytes and vitamins. A brief summary of the various investigations of the necessary quantities of energy and nutrients has been given. Based on these studies, recommendations have been made for the supply of nutrients in complete i.v. nutrition, which will cover the requirements of a patient. In many cases it is difficult or even impossible to infuse the required amount of energy in the form of carbohydrate and alcohol. With fat emulsions, however, it is easy to supply the required amount of energy. An i.v. fat emulsion of choice should have the same properties as chylomicrons. Such fat emulsion seems to be metabolized in about the same way as the fat from the ordinary food. By a complete i.v. nutrition including fat emulsions it is possible to maintain a good nutritional status in most patients as well as to produce growth in infants for reasonably long periods of time in cases when oral feeding is impossible or inadequate. Adult patients have been kept in good nutritional condition for periods up to 7 months on complete or total i.v. feeding. By the use of an adequate complete i.v. nutrition the loss of body protein and body weight in the post-operative period can be reduced to a large extent in the adult patient. In neonates and infants it is possible not only to eliminate the loss of body protein and body weight in the post-operative period, but also to promote formation of new body protein and induce growth by i.v. feeding. A complete or total i.v. nutrition to be looked upon as an alternative to oral food intake should include about 40% of the energy supply as fat corresponding to the amount in the normal food. Up to 60–80% of the energy has been supplied as fat. Total i.v. nutrition with 40% of the energy intake in the form of fat has been maintained during the whole gestation period in dog. Six puppies with no anatomical abnormalities were delivered, three of them survived.

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Design of an intravenous diet of amino-acids and fat suitable for intensive patient-care.

Cited by 20 publications

References 1 publication

Investigations into the Optimum Nitrogen and Caloric Requirements and Comparative Nutritive Value of Three Intravenous Amino Acid Solutions in the Post-Operative Period

Investigations into the Optimum Nitrogen and Caloric Requirements and Comparative Nutritive Value of Three Intravenous Amino Acid Solutions in the Post-Operative Period

Maintenance of metabolism during intensive patient care

Complete Intravenous Nutrition

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