Design of and With Sensing Machine Elements - Using the Example of a Sensing Rolling Bearing

Abstract

In this paper the development process of a sensing rolling bearing is presented, from which finally design rules for sensing machine elements are derived. In the first step, the requirements of the users are determined. It turns out user of sensing machine elements want to continue to use the advantage of the standardized machine elements and costs should not be incurred by redesign or complex assembly. With these requirements the development of the sensing rolling bearing is started, in which the different presented technologies are reviewed for their suitability regarding the requirements. With the selected technology measuring the electric rolling bearing impedance to estimate rolling bearing loads, a first prototype is developed by creating a functional structure of the product and focusing on the partial solution of the most relevant partial functions. This prototype is then tested with regard to its functionality. Finally, generalizable design rules for sensing machine elements are derived from the development.

Development Method for Enabling the Utilisation of a Sensory Function in a Central Component Based on Its Physical Properties

“…Both categories share similar benefits regarding the ability to provide in-situ measured data for the user and face similar challenges during their implementation (Kraus et al, 2021). An example of a SuME are sensor utilizable ball or plain bearings, which use the physical properties of a ball bearing and respectively a sliding bearing to measure loads applied on the system directly from within it (Schirra et al, 2021;Harder et al, 2021). A formalised method of enhancing components with an additional sensory function by utilising their physical properties will be shown in chapter 3 and is the main concern of this work.…”

“…In-situ measurements can be done by a conventional sensor, a specialised sensing machine element (SME) or even a sensory-utilisable component (SuC) as shown by (Kraus et al, 2021). While there are plentiful ideas for those measurement systems, for example presented by Petko and Uhl (2004), Groche and Brenneis (2014), Jung and DeSmidt (2018), Großkurth and Martin (2019), Schirra et al (2021) etc., a comprehensive methodology to implement sensor functions into a system is still missing, especially concerning SuCs. To present such a method for developing central SuCs, based on the short rough outline of the development process given by (Kraus et al, 2021), and the not formalised process shown by (Harder et al, 2021) for SMEs is the aim of this paper.…”

A novel method for diagnosing rolling bearing surface damage by electric impedance analysis

“…The electrical impedance of rolling and journal bearings has found some applications as a sensor technology in the past years [4][5][6][7][8]. The fact that no additional sensor technology has to be integrated in the machine element facilitates the integration of the sensory function without requiring additional installation space, so that the user does not have to make any changes to the design [9][10][11].…”

The Effect of Sensor Integration on the Load Carrying Capacity of Gears

“…One of the early examples is the work of Holm-Hansen, B. and Gao, R. X [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27], where the feasibility of smart bearings with micro-sensors is discussed from the point of view of both the bearing load carrying capacity and SHM/CM. The concepts of a smart bearing have also been discussed recently by Schirra, T. et al [28,29]. Other examples for sensor integration in mechanical components include feather key [30], fasteners [31,32], ball screw (e.g., [33,34]) and die (seen as part of the overall stamping system) [35].…”