In the process of digitization in today's society, the organic combination of technological means and traditional arts, such as calligraphy culture, is a topic that China is facing. The topological data analysis method is used in this paper to conduct an in-depth study on the creation and aesthetic characteristics of contemporary calligraphy, taking into account the situation above. In this paper, the topological data analysis method is first utilized to calculate the position of the critical points in the vector field and draw the topological structure of the vector field. The Jacobi matrix is computed, and the numerical solutions of the eigenvalues and eigenvectors in the matrix are used to pinpoint critical points. The TDA algorithm allows for the visualization and modeling of aesthetic features in contemporary calligraphy creation using the data required for the acquired bulk body model. The aesthetic features of calligraphy creation are analyzed through simulation experiments in the end. The results of simulation experiments show that the TDA algorithm completes the convergence before 500 iterations under a 4-fold filter, the nodes are mainly concentrated in the range of [500, 1000], and the convergence speed is the fastest among the five algorithms. Testing the topological data analysis algorithm for the recognition performance of aesthetic features of calligraphy creation, the recognition rate of TDA is as high as 98.30%, which has a good recognition effect.