Design of axisymmetric contoured nozzles for laminar hypersonic flow.

Carden, William H.; Potter, Jan

doi:10.2514/3.29427

Cited by 17 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 7 publications

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“…Our Laval nozzles were designed with a two-step method. The calculation of the isentropic core by the characteristic method was completed with the integral method of Cohen and Reshotko 16,17 modified to include the transverse curvature correction, 18 in order to introduce friction (limit layer). 16,17 The modelling of the flow field in the isentropic approximation allowed us to calculate shapes for Laval nozzles with small dimensions which could be used in our compact chamber and with modest pump capacities (see Table 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic measurements on methylidyne radical reactions with several hydrocarbons at low temperatures

Daugey

Caubet

Retail

et al. 2005

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

102

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The temperature dependences of the methylidyne radical reactions with methane, allene, methylacetylene and propene were studied. This work was carried out in a supersonic flow reactor coupled with pulsed laser photolysis (PLP) and laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) techniques. Three Laval nozzles were designed to provide uniform supersonic expansions of nitrogen at Mach 2 and of argon at Mach 2 and 3 to reach low temperatures, e.g. 170, 128 and 77 K, respectively. CH radicals were produced by PLP of CHBr3 at 266 nm and probed by LIF. The exponential decays of the CH fluorescence were acquired, hydrocarbons being introduced in excess. The rate constants for the CH+CH4 reaction are in good agreement with the temperature dependence proposed by Canosa et al. (A. Canosa, I. R. Sims, D. Travers, I. W. M. Smith and B. R. Rowe, Astron. Astrophys., 1997, 323, 644-651, ) i.e. 3.96x10(-8)(T/K)(-1.04) exp(-36.1 K/T) in the range 23-298 K. The rate constants of the CH+C3H4(allene), CH+C3H4(methylacetylene) and CH+C3H6(propene) reactions exhibit a small temperature dependence between 77 and 170 K, with a maximum rate around 100 K close to (4.3-4.6)x10(-10) cm3 molecule-1 s-1.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic measurements on methylidyne radical reactions with several hydrocarbons at low temperatures

Daugey

Caubet

Retail

et al. 2005

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

102

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Rocket nozzles: 75 years of research and development

Khare

Saha

2021

Sādhanā

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A numerical optimization of high altitude testing facility for wind tunnel experiments

Rose

Jinu²,

Brindha

2015

Chinese Journal of Aeronautics

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High altitude test facilities are required to test the high area ratio nozzles operating at the upper stages of rocket in the nozzle full flow conditions. It is typically achieved by creating the ambient pressure equal or less than the nozzle exit pressure. On average, air/GN 2 is used as active gas for ejector system that is stored in the high pressure cylinders. The wind tunnel facilities are used for conducting aerodynamic simulation experiments at/under various flow velocities and operating conditions. However, constructing both of these facilities require more laboratory space and expensive instruments. Because of this demerit, a novel scheme is implemented for conducting wind tunnel experiments by using the existing infrastructure available in the high altitude testing (HAT) facility. This article presents the details about the methods implemented for suitably modifying the sub-scale HAT facility to conduct wind tunnel experiments. Hence, the design of nozzle for required area ratio A/A * , realization of test section and the optimized configuration are focused in the present analysis. Specific insights into various rocket models including high thrust cryogenic engines and their holding mechanisms to conduct wind tunnel experiments in the HAT facility are analyzed. A detailed CFD analysis is done to propose this conversion without affecting the existing functional requirements of the HAT facility.

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Design of axisymmetric contoured nozzles for laminar hypersonic flow.

Cited by 17 publications

References 7 publications

Kinetic measurements on methylidyne radical reactions with several hydrocarbons at low temperatures

Kinetic measurements on methylidyne radical reactions with several hydrocarbons at low temperatures

Rocket nozzles: 75 years of research and development

A numerical optimization of high altitude testing facility for wind tunnel experiments

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