with increasing generation), or even at the branching sites. Such dendrimeric structures with incorporated chromophores provide a mimic of the photosynthetic light-harvesting system, in which antenna chromophores surround the inner reaction center. [35][36][37][38] Each photoactive group within a dendrimer can show quite different emission and energy-transfer properties compared with those of the same chromophore within a small molecule (or as a separate free molecule itself), as a result of the close spatial proximity to neighboring moieties. For instance, in well-designed dendrimers, photoexcited chromophores can undergo energy transfer to other units, funneling the energy through the antenna framework toward the core, which can serve as the basis for solar energy conversion, [39,40] luminescent sensors, [41,42] and photoinduced electron transfer (PET) between units of the dendrimers. [43][44][45] This process can also result in the useful formation of excimer and exciplex species within the dendrimer, which will exhibit vastly different emission wavelengths. [46][47][48] Furthermore, dendrimers which contain metal ions have been generated to combine the redox properties of metals with other dendrimeric properties. [27,[49][50][51][52][53][54] In this review we will focus on light-harvesting dendrimeric materials with many illustrative examples.
DendrimersThe design of dendrimers with various chromophores has attracted significant attention in light of the dual effect of the luminescence of the chromophores and the morphology of the synthesized dendrimers. Recent developments in this field stem from their wide potential applications, including organic light-emitting diodes, photonic switches and upconversion lasers, as well as sensors and electronic devices. The focus of this comprehensive review is on the design and properties of various classes of lightharvesting dendrimeric materials.