Introduction: Statistics show that heart failure is a major public health problem, and in the population that continues to remain, the disease will only increase. Self-care includes activities performed by the patient to maintain life, healthy functioning, and well-being. Self-care in heart failure can be defined as a decision-making process that influences measures that maintain physiological stability, facilitate the perception of symptoms and the response to them. Coping with heart failure is often complicated, because it involves a complex treatment regimen. Methods: A descriptive method of working with a review of Slovenian and foreign literature using the Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PubMed and MedNar. The Google Scholar web browser was also used to search the literature. We were looking for literature that was published from 2010 to 2020, the focus was on more recent literature. Results: Preventive activities in self-care measures reduce direct and indirect health care expenditure, so hospitalization is increased due to the health-related quality of life of patients. With different coping strategies (selective denial, goal setting) patients with heart failure achieved a better clinical outcome. In the future, we can expect a big increase in the need for appropriate therapeutic tools and approaches, in connection with heart failure. Above all, the need for education, self-care control and therapy titration. Solutions that will allow patients with heart failure to be treated appropriately are needed. Discussion and conclusions: Heart failure is a medical condition with frequent hospitalizations, high mortality, and high treatment costs. It is extremely important to involve patients in health education programs that encourage them to take active care of their health, to acquire the necessary knowledge and skills, and to form a positive attitude and behavioural patterns for a healthy lifestyle. Only through the joint action of all stakeholders in the field of health, the