Design of free‐standing microstructured conducting polymer films for enhanced particle removal from non‐uniform surfaces

Laster, Jennifer S.; Deom, Nicholas A.; Beaudoin, Stephen P.; Boudouris, Bryan W.

doi:10.1002/polb.24102

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…One parameter that is commonly examined in wipe-sampling research is the effect the applied force has on the collection of trace residues. The extent to which the force affects the collection is arguably not fully understood, as some previous work shows only a modest increase 36,44 in CE% with higher applied loads, while another shows a clear linear increase. 22 These studies often focus on limited parameters, such as only two applied loads, or only one wipe-test surface interaction.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…36–41 Trace explosive particles transferred through fingerprint deposition, such as RDX and pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) from handling C-4 and Semtex H, ranged from less than 1 μm to greater than 50 μm in diameter. 42 Early studies 36,43,44 have used fluorescent polystyrene latex (PSL) microspheres within that particle size range. Though only a model, the ability to sample discrete particles sizes with these microspheres allows for a better understanding of how the size of the particles will affect collection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A new wipe-sampling instrument for measuring the collection efficiency of trace explosives residues

et al. 2018

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Trace explosives detection, a crucial component of many security screening environments, commonly employs wipe-sampling. Since collection of an explosive residue is necessary for detection, it is important to have a thorough understanding of the parameters that affect the efficiency of collection. Current wipe-sampling evaluation techniques for explosive particles have their limits: manual sampling (with fingers or a wand) is limited in its ability to isolate a single parameter and the TL-slip/peel tester is limited to a linear sample path. A new wipe-sampling instrument, utilizing a commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) 3D printer repurposed for its XYZ stage, was developed to address these limitations. This system allowed, for the first time, automated two-dimensional wipe-sampling patterns to be studied while keeping the force and speed of collection constant for the length of the sampling path. This new instrument is not only capable of investigating the same parameters as current technology (wipe materials, test surfaces, forces of collection, and linear sample patterns), it has added capabilities to investigate additional parameters such as directional wipe patterns (i.e. "L" and "U" shapes, square, and serpentine) and allowing for multiple lines to be sampled during a single collection without the need for adjustments by the user. In this work, parametric studies were completed using 1,3,5-trinitroperhydro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) and the COTS 3D printer for wipe-sampling to establish collection efficiencies for numerous scenarios. Trace explosives detection in field screening environments could be greatly improved with the ability to comprehensively investigate how a wide range of parameters individually affect collection by wipe-sampling. A screener who knows how to properly interrogate any given surface will be much more efficient at detecting trace explosives.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new wipe-sampling instrument for measuring the collection efficiency of trace explosives residues

et al. 2018

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“…Surface chemistry influences the interfacial behavior of materials, and resolving the role that surface chemistry plays in adhesion is a critical step towards the rational design of chemically-tailored materials. For example, the improved elucidation of the adhesion behavior of energetic materials will improve munitions formulation and the performance of collection materials (e. g., swabs or traps) used to detect trace explosive residue [1][2][3][4][5]. In particular, the use of specific chemical functional groups at the interface allows for the modulation of the adhesion force, and this key parameter directly impacts the performance and reliability of munitions and collection materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energetic Microparticle Adhesion to Functionalized Surfaces

Hoss

Mukherjee

Boudouris

et al. 2018

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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Surface chemistry influences interfacial interactions, and while these interactions have been evaluated in many synthetic and biological systems, they have important but unexplored implications in trace explosives detection. Specifically, the detection of energetic materials is a challenging, urgent goal, and one of the most common means by which this effort is implemented at air transportation checkpoints is using methods based on contact sampling. Elucidating the molecular and interfacial interactions of energetic materials with functionalized surfaces provides fundamental knowledge and also advances the goal of improved materials for trace detection. Here, in order to evaluate the effects of specific functional groups on adhesion, atomic force microscopy (AFM) pull‐off force measurements were performed using nitrate‐based energetic (and non‐energetic) particles against self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) of representative chemical functionalities. These SAMs‐on‐gold substrates were selected to evaluate surface chemistry effects due to their reproducibility, facile production, and versatile tunability. In addition to the experimental results, stabilization energies for the optimized most‐stable configurations for a coupled receptor‐analyte system were determined using density functional theory (DFT). From these combined experimental and computational efforts, it is established that the adhesion between detection surfaces and common energetic materials at the macroscopic scales is correlated to the interaction energies at the molecular level. Moreover, the electron deficient nature of nitro‐rich energetic compounds results in stronger interactions with surfaces functionalized with electron‐donating units. Ultimately, these results will facilitate the rational design of energetic particle collection materials through chemical tailoring in order to enhance the detection and defeat of explosive materials.

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“…The illustrative proof‐of‐concept system investigated in detail involves the van der Waals (vdW) forces experienced by a particle interacting with a micropillar array. This system was selected in order to elucidate the collection ability of particles by microstructured swabs in a variety of biomedical and homeland security settings . This is an enhancement to the current state‐of‐the‐art SEI method as the original method only accounts for areas of a particle directly adjacent to a surface, and it has also only been applied to systems experiencing adhesion force in a single direction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This system was selected in order to elucidate the collection ability of particles by microstructured swabs in a variety of biomedical and homeland security settings. [33][34][35] This is an enhancement to the current state-of-the-art SEI method as the original method only accounts for areas of a particle directly adjacent to a surface, and it has also only been applied to systems experiencing adhesion force in a single direction. The GSI method, however, is able to account for interfacial forces resulting from a surface not directly adjacent to a particle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyzing adhesion in microstructured systems through a robust computational approach

Hoss

Boudouris

Beaudoin

2017

Surface & Interface Analysis

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Analyzing surface forces for myriad geometric structures facilitates the design of properties in interacting interfacial systems. Along these lines, we demonstrate a generalized technique that can be utilized to evaluate the orientation dependence of a particle interacting with multiple finite or semi‐infinite objects. Specifically, the surface element integration technique is modified to account for surface elements of a particle not directly adjacent to the object with which it is interacting; this facilitates the analysis of objects with finite shape and with arbitrary orientations. Furthermore, as a technology‐relevant proof‐of‐concept demonstration, the influence of van der Waals (vdW) forces on the performance and reliability of microstructured systems used for the collection of trace particles is reported. The importance of the location of the particle contact with the microstructure and the independence of vdW forces generated by each microstructure is demonstrated using the developed computational approach. Thus, the methodology presented here can ultimately be utilized for a variety of interfacial forces generated by nontrivial systems with heterogeneous properties in order to provide design motifs in a low‐cost, high‐throughput manner.

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Design of free‐standing microstructured conducting polymer films for enhanced particle removal from non‐uniform surfaces

Cited by 7 publications

References 43 publications

A new wipe-sampling instrument for measuring the collection efficiency of trace explosives residues

A new wipe-sampling instrument for measuring the collection efficiency of trace explosives residues

Energetic Microparticle Adhesion to Functionalized Surfaces

Analyzing adhesion in microstructured systems through a robust computational approach

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