Design of Functional Carbon Composite Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage

Wei, Xiao; Li, Xinhao; Wang, Kai‐Xue; Chen, Jie‐Sheng

doi:10.1007/s40242-022-2030-0

Cited by 9 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 125 publications

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“…Phenolic resin has emerged as a prominent carbon precursor 43 due to its high carbon yield, although it does produce amorphous hard carbons in "house-of-cards" structures that result in slow electrochemical kinetics in batteries (Figure 6a, top). Improvements in electrical conductivity and electrochemical performance can be achieved via a metal-induced catalytic graphitization using metal species such as iron.…”

Section: Carbon Source For Energy Storage and Catalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Revitalizing Traditional Phenolic Resin toward a Versatile Platform for Advanced Materials

Yu,

Gao,

Qin

et al. 2024

Acc. Mater. Res.

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Metrics & MoreArticle Recommendations CONSPECTUS: Phenolic resin, the first synthetic plastic with a history of more than a century, is synthesized by polycondensation of phenols and aldehydes. Phenolic resin has been extensively explored and once used in every aspect of life such as civil equipment, construction materials, decorations, and military industry. Although the continuous surge of novel high-performance engineering plastics since the last century has accelerated the displacement of phenolic resin, it is still well-known for its admirable properties including mechanical robustness, electrical insulation, fire resistance, and chemical stability. Fortunately, booming nanotechnologies offer new opportunities to unearth the treasures buried deep beneath this centuries-old phenolic chemistry and have ushered phenolic resin into the age of nanomaterials. Leveraging the phenolic chemistry (high activity of phenols, strong eletrophilicity of phenolic hydroxyl groups, or reducing capacity of aldehydes) at the microscopic scale allows precise design and control of the nano/microstructures and compositions. In the past several decades, phenolic resin has entered its second rejuvenation and flourishment with the hallmark of a range of emerging functional nanomaterials. The merit of easy and controllable synthesis is brought into the fullest play to create a huge amount of unprecedented exquisite microstructures. The good thermal stability and high carbon yield also render wide use as protection for other vulnerable materials or as a carbon source. Engineering phenolic resin has produced a series of novel materials spanning from zero-dimensional (0D) nanomaterials to three-dimensional (3D) macroscopic assemblies with outstanding properties far beyond the capabilities of traditional phenolic bulk products. All these properties confer applications in energy, biomedical engineering, thermal insulation, fire resistance, environment, and many other aspects.The intentions of this Account therefore relate to three levels of content: (i) a call for more attention to this traditional phenolic chemistry and material which can bring us new surprises under the light of emerging technologies, (ii) a summary of the advances in novel phenolic materials in terms of synthesis, properties, and applications, and (iii) inspiring more explorations on phenolic chemistry toward the broader interdisciplinary applications. The Account begins with a brief introduction and basic properties of phenolic resin. It then describes the evolution of phenolic resins toward multiscale functional materials and applications. Novel phenolic materials can be categorized into low-dimensional (0D, 1D, 2D) nanomaterials and macroscopic 3D monoliths based on methods such as hydrothermal synthesis, self-assembly, and freeze-casting. Tuning the synthesis at multiscales leads to various sophisticated structures, such as core−shell nanospheres, nanocables, and wood-like cellular structures that are suitable for applications in energy, biomedical engineering, fire...

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Section: Carbon Source For Energy Storage and Catalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Revitalizing Traditional Phenolic Resin toward a Versatile Platform for Advanced Materials

Yu,

Gao,

Qin

et al. 2024

Acc. Mater. Res.

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Heterogeneous Hollow Multi‐Shelled Structures with Amorphous‐Crystalline Outer‐Shells for Sequential Photoreduction of CO₂

et al. 2022

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Constructing delicate nano‐/microreactors with tandem active sites in hierarchical architectures is a promising strategy for designing photocatalysts to realize the challenging but attractive CO2 reduction. Herein, hollow multi‐shelled structure (HoMS) based microreactors with spatial ordered hetero‐shells are fabricated, which achieve two‐step CO2‐to‐CH4 photoreduction. The multiple inner CeO2 shells increase the number of active catalytic sites to ensure efficient first‐step reaction for generating CO, along with enriching the local CO concentration. The second‐step CO‐to‐CH4 reaction is consequently induced by amorphous TiO2 (A‐TiO2) composites on the adjacent outer‐most shell, thus realizing the CO2‐to‐CH4 conversion capability using one CeO2@CeO2/A‐TiO2 HoMS. In‐depth explorations in the microreactors provide compositional, structural, and interfacial guidance for engineering HoMS‐based microreactors with temporally–spatially ordered shells toward efficient tandem catalysis.

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Heterogeneous Hollow Multi‐Shelled Structures with Amorphous‐Crystalline Outer‐Shells for Sequential Photoreduction of CO₂

et al. 2022

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Constructing delicate nano-/microreactors with tandem active sites in hierarchical architectures is a promising strategy for designing photocatalysts to realize the challenging but attractive CO 2 reduction. Herein, hollow multi-shelled structure (HoMS) based microreactors with spatial ordered hetero-shells are fabricated, which achieve two-step CO 2 -to-CH 4 photoreduction. The multiple inner CeO 2 shells increase the number of active catalytic sites to ensure efficient firststep reaction for generating CO, along with enriching the local CO concentration. The second-step CO-to-CH 4 reaction is consequently induced by amorphous TiO 2 (A-TiO 2 ) composites on the adjacent outer-most shell, thus realizing the CO 2 -to-CH 4 conversion capability using one CeO 2 @CeO 2 /A-TiO 2 HoMS. In-depth explorations in the microreactors provide compositional, structural, and interfacial guidance for engineering HoMS-based microreactors with temporally-spatially ordered shells toward efficient tandem catalysis.

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Design of Functional Carbon Composite Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage

Cited by 9 publications

References 125 publications

Revitalizing Traditional Phenolic Resin toward a Versatile Platform for Advanced Materials

Revitalizing Traditional Phenolic Resin toward a Versatile Platform for Advanced Materials

Heterogeneous Hollow Multi‐Shelled Structures with Amorphous‐Crystalline Outer‐Shells for Sequential Photoreduction of CO₂

Heterogeneous Hollow Multi‐Shelled Structures with Amorphous‐Crystalline Outer‐Shells for Sequential Photoreduction of CO₂

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Design of Functional Carbon Composite Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage

Cited by 9 publications

References 125 publications

Revitalizing Traditional Phenolic Resin toward a Versatile Platform for Advanced Materials

Revitalizing Traditional Phenolic Resin toward a Versatile Platform for Advanced Materials

Heterogeneous Hollow Multi‐Shelled Structures with Amorphous‐Crystalline Outer‐Shells for Sequential Photoreduction of CO2

Heterogeneous Hollow Multi‐Shelled Structures with Amorphous‐Crystalline Outer‐Shells for Sequential Photoreduction of CO2

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Product

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About

Heterogeneous Hollow Multi‐Shelled Structures with Amorphous‐Crystalline Outer‐Shells for Sequential Photoreduction of CO₂

Heterogeneous Hollow Multi‐Shelled Structures with Amorphous‐Crystalline Outer‐Shells for Sequential Photoreduction of CO₂