Design of g‐C₃N₄/BaBiO₃ Heterojunction Nanocomposites for Photodegradation of an Organic Dye and Diclofenac Sodium under Visible Light via Interfacial Charge Transfer

Abstract

A novel series of the heterojunctions g-CN/BBO (x) of g-C 3 N 4 (g-CN) nanosheets decorated with spherical particles of BaBiO 3 (BBO) were designed to enhance photocatalysis through interfacial charge transfer. The synthesized g-CN/BBO (x) nanocomposites were characterized by various techniques such as XRD, FTIR, TEM, and SEM. Rhodamine B (RhB) dye and diclofenac sodium drug were taken as the model pollutants for the degradation under visible light. BBO facilitates the photocatalytic reaction after accepting electrons from the g-CN. The g-CN/BBO (30%) nanocomposite exhibits the best photocatalytic activity, which is 6.5 and 5 times higher than BBO and g-CN, respectively. The enrichment in photodegradation is attributed to the combined effects of improved dye adsorption, visible light absorption, mobility of photogenerated carriers, and facial separation of electrons and holes (e À , h + ) as supported by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). This study provides new insight into the engineering, design, and stability of the g-CN/BBO (x) heterojunction nanocomposite, as well as on its application and plausible mechanism for removal of harmful and detrimental pollutants such as RhB dye and diclofenac sodium drug under visible light.

Flower‐Like Ag6Si2O7/Bi12O17Cl2 p‐n Heterojunctions: Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity and Mechanistic Insight**

“…Table 1 compared the dye degradation performance over various catalysts. Fortunately, the efficiency of Ag 6 Si 2 O 7 /Bi 12 O 17 Cl 2 ‐2 is extremely attractive compare to the reported Bi 12 O 17 Cl 2 ‐based catalysts such as BiOI@Bi 12 O 17 Cl 2 , [9] CoFe 2 O 4 /Bi 12 O 17 Cl 2 ‐3, [11] 20‐Co 3 O 4 / Bi 12 O 17 Cl 2 , [33] Bi 12 O 17 Cl 2 /g‐C 3 N 4 [34] and other types of photocatalysts such as ZnO/CdS, 3 g‐C 3 N 4 /BaBiO 3 [35] . In order to facilitate comparison, the degradation processes of RhB over Ag 6 Si 2 O 7 , Bi 12 O 17 Cl 2 and Ag 6 Si 2 O 7 /Bi 12 O 17 Cl 2 composites were further analyzed through first order kinetic equation (Figure 7B).…”

“…According to the empirical formula E CB = E VB À E g , [32] combined with the results of E g in DRS, the E CB for Ag [9] CoFe 2 O 4 / Bi 12 O 17 Cl 2 -3, [11] 20-Co 3 O 4 / Bi 12 O 17 Cl 2 , [33] Bi 12 O 17 Cl 2 /g-C 3 N 4 [34] and other types of photocatalysts such as ZnO/CdS, 3 g-C 3 N 4 / BaBiO 3 . [35] In order to facilitate comparison, the degradation processes of RhB over Ag 6 Si 2 O 7 , Bi 12 O 17 Cl 2 and Ag 6 Si 2 O 7 / Bi 12 O 17 Cl 2 composites were further analyzed through first order kinetic equation (Figure 7B). [36] The rate constants on Ag 6 Si 2 O 7 (0.063 min À 1 ) and Bi 12 O 17 Cl 2 (0.055 min À 1 ) alone are relatively small, possibly due to their poor charge carrier separation (Figure 7B).…”

Recent advances in removal of pharmaceutical pollutants in wastewater using metal oxides and carbonaceous materials as photocatalysts: a review

“…733 g-C 3 N 4 /BaBiO 3 heterojunctions contributed enhanced photocatalysis of diclofenac sodium under visible light through interfacial charge transfer. 734 The photocatalytic activity of g-C 3 N 4 /BaBiO 3 is reported to be 6.5 and 5 times higher than BaBiO 3 and g-C 3 N 4 , respectively. Visible-light-responsive N,S-co-doped TiO 2 @MoS 2 , 735 S,B-co-doped g-C 3 N 4 nanotube@MnO 2 , 736 oxygen-doped-g-C 3 N 4 /ZnO/TiO 2 @halloysite nanotubes, 737 and Pt–TiO 2 –Nb 2 O 5 738 also displayed enhanced photocatalytic degradation of diclofenac.…”

“…In view of this, the following photocatalytic methods have been used in the removal of diclofenac from water. 665–748…”