Design of High‐Productivity Mixed Tocopherol Purification from Deodorized Distillates by Tandem Reverse Phase Chromatography

Abstract

Currently, there is a great demand for highpurity natural tocopherols in food supplements due to their antioxidant and Vitamin E activity. Deodorized distillate (DOD), a by-product of the vegetable oil refining process, is a major source of these natural tocopherols. Isolation of pure tocopherols from DOD is challenging due to their lower concentration and presence of large quantities of polar and hydrophobic components. Several multistep methods are known in the art for the purification of tocopherols from DOD and crude feed stocks. This work presents a single-step tandem reverse phase chromatography method for high-purity tocopherols from DOD containing 4-8% of tocopherols (mixture of α, β, γ, and δ isomers). Tandem chromatography involved two consecutive chromatography columns, in which the first column is operated in frontal adsorption mode for maximum loading with partial removal of impurities and the second column operated in step wise separation mode causing high purity. The Developed tandem two-column process produces 60% and 95% purity tocopherol grades at a high loading of 381 (g of DOD) per (L of resin). The developed method recovers up to 77% of loaded tocopherols in purified form with a productivity of 3.4 g L −1 hour −1 .

Integrated Utilization Strategy for Soybean Oil Deodorizer Distillate: Synergically Synthesizing Biodiesel and Recovering Bioactive Compounds by a Combined Enzymatic Process and Molecular Distillation

“… 5 − 7 Tocopherols contain four isomers, namely, α-, β-, γ-, and δ-tocopherols depending on the number of methyl groups on the chromanol ring in the chemical structure, and three forms of tocopherols (α-, γ-, and δ-tocopherol) are widely found in SODD. 8 , 9 Squalene is a hydrocarbon, C 30 H 50 , with six double bonds in its structure and the exact molecular weight is 410.3913 amu, 10 originally obtained for commercial purposes primarily from the liver oil of some deep-sea sharks (cartilaginous fishes). 11 It has been widely studied in the field of disease prevention, such as cardiovascular diseases and cancer.…”

“…Each year, million tons of the oil deodorizer distillate is produced and discarded as waste, which brings a heavy burden to the environment as well as to wasting of resources , because SODD contains bioactive compounds such as tocopherols, squalene, and phytosterols . Tocopherols are strong antioxidants and active substances with physiological functions and largely applied in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. − Tocopherols contain four isomers, namely, α-, β-, γ-, and δ-tocopherols depending on the number of methyl groups on the chromanol ring in the chemical structure, and three forms of tocopherols (α-, γ-, and δ-tocopherol) are widely found in SODD. , Squalene is a hydrocarbon, C 30 H 50 , with six double bonds in its structure and the exact molecular weight is 410.3913 amu, originally obtained for commercial purposes primarily from the liver oil of some deep-sea sharks (cartilaginous fishes) . It has been widely studied in the field of disease prevention, such as cardiovascular diseases and cancer .…”

Preparative separation of nebivolol isomers by improved throughput reverse phase tandem two column chromatography

“…The tandem operation of these two columns was carried out by connecting and disconnecting C 2 column in series with C 1 after removal of impurities. 25 Therefore, both the columns were equilibrated by connecting C 1 and C 2 columns in series. After equilibration, C 2 column was disconnected from series.…”

“…The selected adsorbent was packed in first taller column (C 1 ) and second shorter column (C 2 ). The tandem operation of these two columns was carried out by connecting and disconnecting C 2 column in series with C 1 after removal of impurities 25 . Therefore, both the columns were equilibrated by connecting C 1 and C 2 columns in series.…”

Zearalenone Removal from Corn Oil by an Enzymatic Strategy

“…Several researchers have found that mycotoxins, such as ZEN, aflatoxin B1, and deoxynivalenol, in edible oil could be detoxified during the alkali refining [11,17]. Though physical adsorption strategy could remove ZEN efficiently, it results in a great deal of nutrient loss including vitamin E and sterols due to the non-specificity in the process of adsorption [18,19]. Chemical detoxification as well, is an efficient method in breaking the structure of ZEN, but it is associated with several limitations especially the disruption of the palatability and nutritional compositions in edible oil by strong alkalis or oxidants [16].…”