Design of infection-resistant antibiotic-releasing polymers: I. Fabrication and formulation

Ultrasonically Controlled Release of Ciprofloxacin from Self-Assembled Coatings on Poly(2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate) Hydrogels forPseudomonas aeruginosaBiofilm Prevention

“…The pHEMA polymer hydrogels were manufactured as described previously (15,16,17). The hydrogels had a thickness of 0.38 mm and were cut to the dimensions of a standard microscope slide (24 by 60 mm) so that they could be accommodated in biofilm flow cells.…”

“…To address this problem the University of Washington Engineered Biomaterials group has adapted an ultrasonic energy-responsive, biocompatible coating for controlled antibiotic release. Originally, this method was developed for controlled insulin release (15,16,17); however, it was apparent that such a delivery system might have high potential for the control of biofilms. The drug reservoir consists of a poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA) hydrogel film that can be "loaded" with antibiotic, either as a solid or in solution, during polymerization.…”

Immobilization Reduces the Activity of Surface-Bound Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides with No Influence upon the Activity Spectrum

“…The most important approaches to the development of such biomedical products include investigations of (i) surfaces with covalently bound antimicrobial agents (11,12,15,16,28,32); (ii) surfaces covered with bacterium-repellent or antiadhesive agents that use highly hydrated and close-packed chain-like molecules, such as PEG (polyethylene glycol) (19), or bearing negative charges (27); (iii) polymer matrices with incorporated antibiotics (noncovalent) which are released into the surrounding medium in a controlled manner (31,49); and finally, (iv) antimicrobial polymers which are synthesized by polymerization of constitutive monomers with therapeutic moieties (13,40,52). However, these strategies suffer from several disadvantages, such as a limited affinity of biomaterials for antibiotics, the likelihood of modification of the mechanical properties of the materials, and the limited available spectrum of therapeutics and active monomers with polymerization-compatible chemistry.…”

Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides

“…Various approaches have been designed in ordrer to develop such biomedical surfaces including: (i) surfaces covered with bacteria-repellent or anti-adhesive agents using highly hydrated and close-packed, chain-like molecules, such as PEG [81] or bearing negative charges [82]; (ii) polymer matrices with incorporated antibiotics (non-covalently), which are released into the surrounding medium in a controlled manner [83,84]: and (iii) antimicrobial polymers, which are either prepared by polymerization of constitutive monomers with therapeutic moieties [85−87] or covalently bound to antimicrobial agents [88−93] (Fig. 11).…”