Design of Isolated Microgrid System Considering Controllable EV Charging Demand

Abstract

Microgrid construction is promoted globally to solve the problems of energy inequality in island regions and the use of fossil fuels. In the application of a microgrid system, it is important to calculate the capacities of renewable energy sources and storage systems (ESSs) to ensure economic feasibility. In some microgrids that have recently had environmental challenges, there are island regions where the policy is to consider both the installation of the microgrid system and the supplement of electric vehicles (EV). However, an EV load pattern that does not match the solar radiation pattern may increase the required ESS capacity. Therefore, in this study, we designed and analyzed a method for reducing the microgrid system cost using a controllable EV charging load without the requirements of vehicle-to-grid technology and real-time pricing. The power system operations at similar capacities of photovoltaic and ESS were shown by applying EV charging control steps in 10% increments to analyze the effect of EV charging demand control on the microgrid. As a result of the proposed simulation, the amount of renewable power generation increased by 2.8 GWh over 20 years only by moving the charging load under the same conditions. This is an effect that can reduce CO2 by about 2.1 kTon.

The Role of Network Technologies in the Enhancement of the Health, Education, and Energy Sectors

“…Hence, the operations, maintenance and repair were carried out under strict health protocols. This condition elucidates the need for the digitalization of the grid to make them smart enough to carry out some maneuverers and automatic reconfigurations to sustain a stable system (Chae et al, 2020).…”

Electric vehicle adoption in small island economies: Review from a technology transition perspective

“…The use of EVs could increase electricity demand and risk grid damage. This has to be placed in the context of larger national energy strategies as noted in several islands such as Barbados and Malta (Chae et al, 2020; Clairand et al, 2020; Neofytou et al, 2019). If a goal is to reduce GHG emissions and imported fuel costs, renewable energy generation must be implemented (Pina et al, 2014).…”

A Frequency and Voltage Coordinated Control Strategy of Island Microgrid including Electric Vehicles

“…Thus, on this basis, a certain adjustment dead zone is considered, the discrete set of real-time frequency deviation ∆F(t) can be set as (−∞, −0. Meanwhile, the control objectives in this paper are: 1 Restore the frequency to the rated value; 2 Regulate and control the voltage to restore to the best state. As a result, a comprehensive reward function including two local reward functions can be set up to coordinate frequency recovery and voltage adjustment:…”

“…In islanded mode, the power quality of the microgrid is usually maintained by the micro sources and flexible loads [1]. At the same time, with the development of vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology, the research of EVs in the areas of grid peak and valley filling, suppression of power fluctuations, and microgrid stability control has also been deepened [2,3], which brings opportunities and challenges to the VF regulation of microgrids.…”