Design of Oligonucleotides for Allele-Specific Amplification Based on PCR and Isothermal Techniques

Tortajada-Genaro, Luis Antonio

doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-1799-1_3

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The probes are designed such that a central polymorphic nucleotide is flanked by gene specific-DNA sequence. The complementarity between target DNA and the probe determines the stability of hybridization [20]. Two probes, one complementary to each allele, are used in each hybridization reaction.…”

Section: Allele-specific Hybridizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advancements in SNP Typing Methods Used in Forensic Science

Sanghavi¹

2023

Advances in Genetic Polymorphisms

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Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are heritable variations at defined regions and occur in at least 1% of the population. SNPs are mostly bi-allelic, and their inheritance pattern can be typed in a representative population of few unrelated individuals. Contrary to the STRs (Short tandem repeats), SNPs can be typed relatively easily using next generation sequencing methods. Thus, SNPs have attracted a lot of scientists for application in forensic analysis for cases such as establishing biogeographical ancestry, evolutionary timescale relatedness, immediate family relationships. SNPs are arguably more useful than STRs in certain forensic scenarios. For instance, when the obtained DNA sample from crime scene is a multi-origin mixture or when the DNA is degraded, SNPs offer better utility. SNPs are also valuable in cases where DNA extraction from challenging forensic samples, such as bones or meat, poses technical difficulties. Due to their characteristics, SNPs provide enhanced capabilities for forensic analysis in these specific situation. A plethora of novel techniques and algorithms have been developed to use the available SNP databases for forensic analysis. The developed technologies include hybridization assay, primer extension assay, multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR), denaturing high performance liquid chromatography, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization. These are just a few examples of the developed technologies utilized in molecular biology and genetic analysis, each with its unique advantages and disadvantages. We discuss the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, advantages and disadvantages of some of these techniques in detail here.

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Section: Allele-specific Hybridizationmentioning

confidence: 99%