Design of Optimal Controller for Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit

Karthika, V.; Brijet, Z.; Bharathi, N.

doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2012.06.146

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…As a result, the PID has been recreated using a nonlinear function. Following are some methods for PID improvement [14]:…”

Section: Nonlinear Pid Control Design For Fccumentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-Linear PID Control of Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit

Mutuab,

Hassan

2023

JESA

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The Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit (FCCU) serves as the lifeblood of a modern refinery, playing a crucial role in ensuring superior product quality. This paper delves into the design of a nonlinear Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control mechanism aimed at regulating the temperature of both the reactor and the regenerator within the FCCU. A total of four nonlinear PID controllers have been meticulously designed, two each for controlling the temperature of the reactor and the regenerator. Utilizing the cross-coupling method, these controllers are proficient in compensating for the effects of cross-coupling and the nonlinearities inherent in the model. The Firefly algorithm, renowned for its capability in finding optimal solutions to intricate optimization problems, has been employed for tuning the parameters of the controllers. The outcomes discussed in this paper underscore the transient responses of the reactor temperature, featuring an overshoot of 0.239% and a rise time of 24.87631 sec. For the regenerator temperature, the overshoot stands at 0.703% with a rise time of 25.636 sec. These results highlight significant improvements in product quality, achieved by enhancing and closely monitoring the temperatures of both the reactor and the regenerator within the FCCU-an aspect of paramount importance in the oil industry.

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“…As a result, the PID has been recreated using a nonlinear function. Following are some methods for PID improvement [14]:…”

Section: Nonlinear Pid Control Design For Fccumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the disadvantages are the complexity and nonlinearity in the closed loop system. The NPID equation is expressed as follows [14]:…”

Section: Nonlinear Pid Control Design For Fccumentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Linear PID Control of Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit

Mutuab,

Hassan

2023

JESA

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“…The effects of operating parameters (reaction temperature, CTO, contact time) on thermal cracking and secondary cracking are obvious [10]. Endothermic reactions dominate the whole reactions of the FCC cracking process.…”

Section: Fcc Operating Variables and Fcc Feedstockmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspective on FCC catalyst in China

Feng,

Qiao,

Wang

et al. 2013

Appl Petrochem Res

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This paper provides an overview of the enormous challenge in processing heavier fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) feedstock and producing higher qualified liquid fuels. Besides optimizing the operation conditions of the FCC unit, it is crucial to design new catalysts especially for heavier and inferior feedstock. In this paper, a new concept, stepwise structure of catalyst, was postulated and a potential new catalyst based on stepwise structure design was prepared.

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“…As a result, the incidental high coke formation rate may threaten the operation safety in some refineries. Two factors contribute to the coke formation: (1) long residence time of the mixture of oil, gas and catalysts in the separator and (2) the severe back-mixing of oil gas in the disengager (Li et al 2011;Karthika et al 2012;Xu 2014;Gao et al 2013;Dong et al 2013;Wang et al 2016). To solve these problems, a series of efficient separation systems at the riser outlet have been developed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FCC riser quick separation system: a review

2016

Pet. Sci.

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The riser reactor is the key unit in the fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) process. As the FCC feedstocks become heavier, the product mixture of oil, gas and catalysts must be separated immediately at the outlet of the riser to avoid excessive coking. The quick separation system is the core equipment in the FCC unit. China University of Petroleum (Beijing) has developed many kinds of separation system including the fender-stripping cyclone and circulating-stripping cyclone systems, which can increase the separation efficiency and reduce the pressure drop remarkably. For the inner riser system, a vortex quick separation system has been developed. It contains a vortex quick separator and an isolated shell. In order to reduce the separation time, a new type of separator called the short residence time separator system was developed. It can further reduce the separation time to less than 1 s. In this paper, the corresponding design principles, structure and industrial application of these different kinds of separation systems are reviewed. A system that can simultaneously realize quick oil gas separation, quick oil gas extraction and quick pre-stripping of catalysts at the end of the riser is the trend in the future.

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Design of Optimal Controller for Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

Non-Linear PID Control of Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit

Non-Linear PID Control of Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit

Perspective on FCC catalyst in China

FCC riser quick separation system: a review

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