Design of permanent magnet synchronous motors including thermal aspects

Abstract

Purpose -The purpose of this paper is to include thermal analysis in the design process of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). The additional objective is a comparison of PMSM with induction motor (IM) in terms of thermal phenomena. Design/methodology/approach -Numerical investigation using commercial software MotorSolve was performed. Parameterized models of PMSM and IM were used. Calculations of motor parameters and temperature distribution were made using Finite Element Method. Findings -The results of the calculations show that thermal calculations should be included in the design process because the maximum permissible operating temperature of permanent magnets should not be exceeded. A comparative analysis of PMSM and IM shows that the PMSM has better parameters than the IM which was used as a base of the PMSM construction.Research limitations/implications -Computational models should be verified experimentally on a physical model or by using more complex numerical models. In the case of IM thermal calculations, a method of air speed calculation should be proposed. Air speed is a parameter that is necessary in thermal analysis of IM, but during the design process it is unknown. Originality/value -This paper presents modelling methodology of 3D transient thermal field coupled with electromagnetic field applied in a three-phase IM at rated load conditions. This paper presents a design strategy which includes thermal analysis of the designed PMSM. Moreover, the paper shows a comparison between PMSM and IM indicating advantages of PMSM over IM. IntroductionThree-phase induction motors (IM) and three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) are the most commonly used motors in inverter drive systems. The former are mainly used because of their simple construction, reliability and relatively low manufacturing costs. They have a few disadvantages, which include difficult starting conditions, high losses in the stator and rotor windings and low values of efficiency and the power factor. Small values of the last two parameters are particularly noticeable for fractional power motors. These disadvantages generally do not appear in PMSM. Motors of these kinds do not have any windings in the rotor. Further, in the stator windings, there are fewer windings per one phase for the same power supply than in IM. Therefore, PMSM's efficiency is very high. The situation is similar in the case of the values of the power factor which for PMSM with internal magnets (IPM) is close to one. The main disadvantage of PMSM is the problem with difficult starting conditions, caused by the flux from the rotor permanent magnets and their propensity

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