Design of polarimeters based on liquid crystals and biaxial crystals for polarization metrology

Peinado, Alba; Lizana, Ángel; Campos, Juan

doi:10.7149/opa.49.4.49501

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…So that our measurement closely aligns with the operating paradigms used for imaging short-lived phenomena, the measurements shown in this paper were achieved using a gate width of 1 µs and a gain of 4095. There has been much research into optimizing many different types of polarimeters [3,[27][28][29][30]. Our decision to mount LCVRs at 0 • and 45 • for both the PSA and PSG was due to the ease of use and flexibility afforded by this setup.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Mueller polarimetry in noisy systems through over-determination

et al. 2021

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Mueller polarimetry measurements are increasingly being used to image highly dynamic and short-lived phenomena such as plasma discharges. For phenomena such as these, exposure times below 1 µs must be used. Unfortunately, these low exposure times significantly reduce the signal-to-noise ratio, making accurate and consistent measurements difficult. To overcome this limitation, we investigated increasing the number of Stokes vectors produced from a polarization state analyzer and polarization state generator, a process known as over-determination. To conduct our analysis, we used results from physical experiments using Stokes vectors generated by liquid crystal variable retarders. These results were then verified using data from simulations. First, we conclude that increasing the degree of over-determination is a simple and effective way of dealing with this noise; however, we also convey that choosing the best scheme is not an entirely trivial process. Second, we demonstrate that over-determination gives rise to hitherto inaccessible information that allows for the quantification of statistical noise and, crucially, the pinpointing of the origin of systematic error, a highly beneficial process that has been lacking until now.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Mueller polarimetry in noisy systems through over-determination

et al. 2021

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“…Each row of the matrix M then corresponds to the Stokes vector of a polarization component that is sampled by the polarimeter. The polarization state is determined from the power measurements by inverting the device matrix, via S M −1 P. The accuracy and extent to which polarization can be deduced depends on the properties of the device matrix with respect to inversion, and the left inverse of the device matrix,M −1 M T M −1 M T , can be used instead of M −1 when the dimensions of M are not 4 × 4 [24]. The optimization of the device matrix is a problem that is generally applicable to polarimeter design, not just the architecture discussed here, and is discussed in greater detail in Supplement 1, Section 4, which discusses device matrix design.…”

Section: Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This may in part be explained by the difficulty associated with capturing its inherently vectorial nature: polarization measurements require several measurements of the same signal, each targeting one of its vector components. This issue is addressed by current polarimeters by dividing the signal up either in space or in time [7,24]. Typically, the signal is either split into several beam paths (amplitude division), spread over an array of analyzers (wavefront division), or measured multiple times with a time-varying analyzer (time division).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultracompact metasurface in-line polarimeter

Mueller

Leósson

Capasso

2016

Optica

210

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In-line polarimeters perform nondestructive polarization measurements of optical signals, and play a critical role in monitoring and controlling the polarization environment in, for example, optical networks. While current in-line polarimeters are constructed with multiple optical components, either fabricated into an optical fiber or using free-space optics, we present here a novel architecture conducive to monolithic on-chip integration. This enables the scalable fabrication of high-performance polarization sensors with exceptional stability, compactness, and speed. The method relies on the detection of the highly polarization-dependent scattered field of a subwavelength antenna array known as a metasurface, and is shown here to provide polarization state measurements matching those of a state-of-the-art commercial polarimeter.

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“…Therefore, tunable linear retarders were required. Liquid-crystal retarders (LCR) [27] are one very useful option. They have been used in a number of spectral birefringent filters, including tunable Lyot filters [25], or dynamic colour filters that combine cholesteric liquid crystal layers [26].…”

Section: Tunable Solc Filter With Liquid-crystal Retardersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solc filters in a reflective geometry

Messaadi

Vargas

Sánchez-López

et al. 2017

J. Opt.

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We present the realization of a bulk optics birefringent Solc filter in a reflective geometry. This geometry reduces by half the number of required retarders, ensures the same spectral retardance function in pairs of retarders, and helps to make more compact filters. The key element is a quarter-wave Fresnel rhomb located in between the set of retarders and a mirror. Two cases are considered: the first Solc filter uses multiple-order quartz retarders, and the second one uses two liquid-crystal retarders. The latter has the advantage of being tunable via an applied voltage. Experimental results show how to filter the spectral content of a supercontinuum laser.

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Design of polarimeters based on liquid crystals and biaxial crystals for polarization metrology

Cited by 6 publications

References 15 publications

Optimizing Mueller polarimetry in noisy systems through over-determination

Optimizing Mueller polarimetry in noisy systems through over-determination

Ultracompact metasurface in-line polarimeter

Solc filters in a reflective geometry

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