2015
DOI: 10.12783/issn.1544-8053/12/2/2
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Design of Post-Treatment Unit for Compost from a Composting Toilet with Microbial Risk Assessment

Abstract: ABSTRACT:The compost withdrawn from a composting toilet still contains pathogens and therefore requires a post-treatment unit to treat the compost prior to reuse. A quantitative microbial risk assessment Monte Carlo was conducted to evaluate the risk of infectious diseases and the length of time for the post-treatment. The accidental ingestion of compost (0.5-0.8 g) in a worst case scenario was evaluated. High temperature was efficient in reducing the risk of pathogens; however, the temperature distribution in… Show more

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Cited by 4 publications
(3 citation statements)
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“…A 3.0 log 10 removal of Ascaris was documented at temperatures of 53 and 55°C (Aitken et al, 2005). • Ascaris in composted excreta has been inactivated in a solar thermal post-treatment unit at the following levels (Darimani, 2015): 2.0 log 10 : 2 hours at 50°C and 50% moisture 3.0 log 10 : 3 hours at 60°C and 50% moisture Alkaline stabilization with quicklime (CaO) Application of CaO to dewatered sludge to raise the pH >12 causes an exothermic reaction with temperatures exceeding 50°C Alkaline stabilization, if properly engineered and operated, can inactivate viral, bacterial, protozoan and helminthic pathogens (Burton et al, 2014).…”
Section: Factors Affecting Pathogens In Sludge Management Systemsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A 3.0 log 10 removal of Ascaris was documented at temperatures of 53 and 55°C (Aitken et al, 2005). • Ascaris in composted excreta has been inactivated in a solar thermal post-treatment unit at the following levels (Darimani, 2015): 2.0 log 10 : 2 hours at 50°C and 50% moisture 3.0 log 10 : 3 hours at 60°C and 50% moisture Alkaline stabilization with quicklime (CaO) Application of CaO to dewatered sludge to raise the pH >12 causes an exothermic reaction with temperatures exceeding 50°C Alkaline stabilization, if properly engineered and operated, can inactivate viral, bacterial, protozoan and helminthic pathogens (Burton et al, 2014).…”
Section: Factors Affecting Pathogens In Sludge Management Systemsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Fecal sludge from composting latrines need to be carefully monitored for presence of pathogens as many latrines, as operated currently, may not achieve temperature much greater than ambient (see Mehl et al, 2011). Thus post treatment of fecal sludge from composting latrine by increasing temperature has been shown to further reduce virus and Ascaris concentrations (Darimani et al, 2015).…”
Section: Compostingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The steel box is painted black in colour to aid in the absorption of heat. The steel box does not have a solar concentrator [4,5]. The temperature distribution of the compost in the box was measured at 3 positions which were 1, 5, and 10 cm from the surface.…”
Section: Post-treatment Unitmentioning
confidence: 99%