Design of Rotary Dryer for Sand Drying using Biomass Energy Sources

Abstract

Hebel brick is used in making the walls of the house. One of the materials used in making hebel bricks is sand. The water content of the sand will affect the quality of the hebel bricks. The less water content in the sand, the better the quality of hebel bricks. In order to get sand with a little water content, it is necessary to do the drying process. To overcome this problem, a rotary dryer for sand drying using renewable energy, particular biomass energy sources was designed. It can be placed in a sand quarry near a river or near a beach. It is designed to have the ability to dry the wet sand by putting it in a rotary dryer, making this drying system usable both in sunny and rainy conditions. The drying process can take place continuously using heat from biomass energy. The heat is produced from the combustion process in the biomass furnace and then distributed to the rotary dryer. The advantage of this rotary dryer system could be done continuously with a little human power. Moreover, from these calculations can be analyzed the performance of this rotary dryer machine, to determine the suitability between design calculations and test results.

Analysis of the Sand Drying Process in the Biomass-Energized Rotary Drying Machine

“…In designing the biomass-energized rotary dryer system, several things must be considered carefully, namely: (i) the material being dried is silica sand, hence it must take into account the erosion of the drying chamber shell. Therefore, it is necessary to design the drying chamber shell with the appropriate thickness and safety with a relatively long lifetime [4,5]. (ii) To anticipate this equipment used in areas that have not yet received electricity, a generator or renewable-energized power plant must be prepared in advance [2,5,6].…”

“…Therefore, it is necessary to design the drying chamber shell with the appropriate thickness and safety with a relatively long lifetime [4,5]. (ii) To anticipate this equipment used in areas that have not yet received electricity, a generator or renewable-energized power plant must be prepared in advance [2,5,6]. (iii) Since heat for the drying process is generated by the furnace of biomass, the fuel from the waste biomass used also affects The Figure 4 graph shows that with variations in the rotation of the rotary dryer chamber from 6.6 rpm to 13.2 rpm, the wet base moisture content decreased from 33.17 % to 16.58 % and the dry base moisture content also decreased from 49.63 % to 19.88 %.…”

“…Estiasih et al [4] has developed the oven-shaped drying machine for the development of food processing technology. Susanto et al [5,6] have developed the renewableenergized drying machine for drying silica sand. Hussain et al [7] has developed a drying machine for drying wood.…”

“…To find out the drying process of this rotary dryer machine, it can be known through the following equation. The first step is to calculate the wet base moisture content of silica sand using Equation ( 1) [2,5,6]:…”

“…(3) Equation ( 4) is used to calculate the amount of silica sand drying heat: Equation ( 5) is used to calculate Q1 (silica sand sensible heat): (5) Equation ( 6) is used to calculate Q2 (water sensible heat) and it is used to increase the water temperature in silica sand: (6) Equation ( 7) is used to calculate Q3 (water evaporation latent heat) which is the amount of heat used to evaporate water from silica sand: (7) Equation ( 8) is used to calculate the amount of heat received by silica sand: (8) Equation ( 9) is used to calculate the drying efficiency of silica sand:…”