Design of CPW fed multiband antenna for wearable wireless body area network applications

Abstract

This communication presents a multiband on-body conformal and wearable antenna for Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) applications. The suggested wearable CPW-fed slot dipole antenna is incorporated with inductively coupled meander shape, T and O shaped resonators that lead to provide multiband operation. The resonant frequency is controlled by a definite resonant path, which leads to high degree of freedom in design paradigm. The proposed wearable antenna covers the 2.4 GHz/5.2 GHz/5.8 GHz WLAN, 3.5 GHz WiMAX, and 4.4 GHz C-bands and has an overall dimension of 60 × 40 × 0.254 mm 3. The SAR analysis has also been presented for the antenna at several resonant frequencies which are well under the normal SAR criteria of 1.6 W/kg that suggests that the model performs satisfactorily for wearable applications. To characterize the performance of the antenna, the specimen of the antenna is rigorously tested in terms of antenna gain, S-parameters and flexibility under different bending configurations for radii values ranging from 90 to 30 mm. The reflection coefficient of the suggested antenna is also evaluated and the outcomes are compared under distinct on-body circumstances. Measured and simulated results of S11, radiation pattern and gain are in good agreement.

Design and analysis of a CPW ‐fed flexible ultrawideband antenna for microwave imaging of breast cancer

“…These contours are assumed to be distributed and represents the power concentration on the phantom model whenever the antenna emits an UWB signal into the phantom. The assessment of SAR values with standard distances available in the literature 12,14,20 are addressed in Table 6. Figure 22 demonstrates that the SAR values on the phantom model for 1 g of body tissue are 0.215, 0.463, 0.710 and 0.930 W/Kg (less than 1.6 W/Kg for 1 g tissue) at frequencies of 3.5, 5.8, 8.4 and 10.6 GHz which makes the suggested antenna totally safe for exposure in humans and ideal for MWI biomedical applications 24,56 …”

“…Nevertheless, they are the most appropriate and compatible antennas for MI of tumor tissues, but tradeoff exists due to limited bandwidth and big-size of the design. Although such antennas have an intrinsic limitation with the narrow bandwidth 4,9 so researchers use different kinds of feeding techniques, 10 such as offset fed patch antennas, 11 introduction of slots on patches, 12 using low-dielectric substrates, 13,14 increasing the thickness of a substrate 15 and so forth. to obtain large operating bandwidth, but with these methods, several performance characteristics degrades.…”

Design of flexible dual‐band antenna and metamaterial structure for wearable body area network

“…To achieve the broadband characteristics of antennas, many techniques are utilized, such as loading slot, 4,5 loading branch, [6][7][8] and other methods. 9 An improved dual-band monopole antenna is proposed.…”

An EBG-Based Triple-Band Wearable Antenna for WBAN Applications

“…References [8,9,12] proposed a variety of dual-band wearable antennas loaded with metamaterial structures. To further increase the number of bands, some triple-band and multi-band wearable antennas have also been reported [13][14][15][16][17][18]. Reference [13] presented a triple-band Micromachines 2022, 13,1938 2 of 12 antenna with a periodic square groove on the ground and a Hilbert-shaped array for the radiating layer, but the safety for the human body has not been evaluated.…”