Design of the battery management system of LiFePO&lt;inf&gt;4&lt;/inf&gt; batteries for electric off-road vehicles

Baronti, Federico; Fantechi, G.; Roncella, Roberto; Saletti, Roberto; Pede, G.; Vellucci, F.

doi:10.1109/isie.2013.6563858

Cited by 17 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…A proper battery management system (BMS) with active balancing was developed by the University of Pisa in cooperation with ENEA [3], [6], [7]. It provides the functions of protection, monitoring, data acquisition and active balancing of the state of charge of the cells.…”

Section: Battery Management Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A diesel engine commonly powers off-road vehicles. The replacement or the combination of the internal combustion engine with an electric motor might be a remarkable step toward energy sustainability by reducing CO 2 emissions and by improving energy utilization efficiency [1] [2] [3]. A recent study made by ENEA on the Italian market for mobile work machines gives a good idea of the relevance of these kinds of vehicles and the impact of their electrification [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development and realization of lithium-ion battery modules for starting applications and traction of off-road electric vehicles

Vellucci

Pede

D’Annibale

et al. 2013

WEVJ

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The paper describes the development and realization of standard battery modules 12 V, made by LiFePO 4 cells selected in a previous study by ENEA and the University of Pisa. Module means the group of four cells series connected, the electronic battery management system, the thermal management system and the mechanical case. Standard means that the same battery module can be used for different applications: in fact, the previous study showed that three standard battery modules, 30 Ah (little size), 60 Ah (medium size) and 100 Ah (large size), are sufficient to reach the levels of voltage/capacity requested by the most part of the applications in the field of the starting/auxiliary supply batteries (also for the nautical sector) and traction of off-road electric vehicles. More units of standard modules can be series/parallel connected to build complete battery systems able to satisfy the required performances.The development and realization of the modules mostly consisted of testing the selected cells to verify their suitability for the above mentioned applications, to make a thermal battery characterization so to define the thermal management system, to develop an electronic battery management system and to build a mechanical case. The paper shows all these aspects in detail.

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Section: Battery Management Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and realization of lithium-ion battery modules for starting applications and traction of off-road electric vehicles

Vellucci

Pede

D’Annibale

et al. 2013

WEVJ

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“…Recently, an emphasized interest for lithium ion (Li-Io) batteries has been registered due to their high potentialities not only as electrical sources for electric vehicles, but also as storage systems in smart grid environment and naturally as support technology for communication systems [1][2][3][4][5]. Moreover, many studies showed that well-established statistical methods, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With regards to battery design, many approaches have been proposed in the relevant literature [1][2][3][4][5][7][8][9][10]. However, due to the large number of factors involved, many difficulties persist to solve the problem of the battery size optimization over a prefixed time horizon of interest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probabilistic Battery Design Based upon Accelerated Life Tests

et al. 2016

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A probabilistic battery design method is discussed in the paper, with reference to lithium-ion batteries, based upon battery lifetime and related economical aspects. The method takes into account the dependence of battery lifetime on different parameters, such as design maximum specific power and operating environment. The methods relies on a large set of experimental measurements, in particular accelerated life tests. In addition, the randomness of the above parameters in real operating conditions is considered in the paper. Based on available experimental data, the lifetime probability distribution of these batteries has been estimated by means of a Weibull model. More specifically, after a thorough statistical data analysis, a probabilistic method for battery design is proposed which ensures the minimization of a suitable cost function which has the expected lifetime as a basic input. The method allows to guarantee the required robustness design against the random variations in specific power experienced by a lithium ion battery designed for a small electric bus (public transport service).

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“…The standard module has a 12.8 V nominal voltage. Its implementation with three capacity values: 30, 60, and 100 Ah is reported in [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of series-parallel connections of multi-module batteries for electrified vehicles

Baronti

Rienzo

Papazafiropulos

et al. 2014

2014 IEEE International Electric Vehicle Conference (IEVC)

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Large-format Lithium-ion battery packs consist of the series and parallel connection of elemental cells, usually assembled into modules. The required voltage and capacity of the battery pack can be reached by various configurations of the elemental cells or modules. It is thus worth investigating if different configurations lead to different performance of the battery pack in presence of a mismatch in the cell characteristics. A simulation tool is developed in this work and applied to a battery pack consisting of standard 12 V modules connected with various serial/parallel topologies. The results show that battery configurations with modules directly connected in parallel and then assembled in series are more robust against variation of the cell capacity through the battery. Moreover, given the cells and the battery configuration, we show that changing the position of the cells has a significant impact on the usable capacity of the battery

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Design of the battery management system of LiFePO<inf>4</inf> batteries for electric off-road vehicles

Cited by 17 publications

References 17 publications

Development and realization of lithium-ion battery modules for starting applications and traction of off-road electric vehicles

Development and realization of lithium-ion battery modules for starting applications and traction of off-road electric vehicles

Probabilistic Battery Design Based upon Accelerated Life Tests

Investigation of series-parallel connections of multi-module batteries for electrified vehicles

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