“…In the last two decades, in order to reduce the wear of broach and increase its lifespan, improve the surface precision of the workpiece [ 6 ], researchers have put much effort into optimizing the parameters of broaching tools, such as the modification of geometric model for the broaching tools [ 7 , 8 ], optimization parameters of rake angle, clearance angle and rise per tooth (RPT) [ 3 , 9 , 10 ]. Klocke et al [ 11 ] used carbon free cutting material MC 90 to replace the speed steel for broach tool, which processed a higher hot hardness and increased thermal conductivity.…”