Design of wideband end‐fire composite microstrip‐monopole antenna

Abstract

This article introduces a wideband composite antenna with end‐fire radiation. The structure is achieved by uniting a center‐fed microstrip shorted patch and a parasitical monopole. The monopole is vertical to the substrate and work as an electric current source. Because the loaded monopole breaks the symmetry of the center‐fed microstrip antenna, the original patch antenna can work as in‐phase equivalent magnetic current sources radiation. Then complementary sources are generated by orthometric magnetic current source and electric current source. The typical unidirectional radiation capacity has a good endfire beam. The loaded monopole adds a resonant mode to the original microstrip antenna, which makes the composite microstrip‐monopole antenna to exhibit an enhanced bandwidth of 26.9% and an average gain of 7.5 dBi. The complementary sources radiation mechanism can generate special unidirectional radiation patterns in a compact space, so this antenna type is an excellent candidate for array applications. The prototype's planar size is only 0.36λ0 × 0.39λ0 (λ0 is the free space wavelength in center frequency). The eight elements phased array with the proposed antenna show perfect simulated scanning performance.

A pattern reconfigurable antenna applied for automobile 5G communication

“…Electric field distribution of antennas. The principle is originally from Reference 28. (A) Antenna I: complementary source antenna without monopole.…”

“…Radiation patterns in E ‐plane of Antenna I (black line) and Antenna II (red line). The result is originally from Reference 28 …”

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